Haloperidol

When ATH:
N05AD01

Characteristic.

Microcrystalline or amorphous powder, white to light yellow. Practically insoluble in water, restrictedly soluble in alcohol, methylene chloride, ether. The saturated solution has a neutral to slightly acidic.

Pharmacological action.
Neuroleptic, antipsychotic, sedation, antiemetic.

Application.

Psychomotor agitation of various origins (craze, dementia, mental retardation, psihopatiâ, acute and chronic schizophrenia, Saint Martin's evil), delusions and hallucinations (paranoid state, acute psychosis), Huntington Gentingtona, anacatharsis, psychosomatic disorders, behavioral disorders in elderly and childhood, zaikanie, long-lasting and resistant to therapy hiccups and vomiting.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity (incl. and other. butyrophenone derivatives, sesame oil), CNS disorders, accompanied by pyramidal and extrapyramidal symptoms, depression, vapors, coma, pregnancy, lactation, Age to 3 years (for parenteral administration).

Restrictions apply.

Cardiovascular disease events decompensation, conduction disturbances of the heart muscle and kidney function.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Contraindicated in pregnancy. At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Side effects.

Headache, insomnia, or drowsiness (especially at the beginning of treatment), excitation, anxiety, alarm, fear, euphoria or depression, lethargy, epilepsy, эkzatserbatsiya psychosis and gallyutsinatsii. With more long-term use is ekstrapiramidnye violations (increased muscle tone, tremor, akinesia), incl. tardive dystonia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, followed by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, loss of consciousness. When used in high doses is hyposalivation, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmia, ECG changes, Sometimes the liver up to the development of jaundice, maculopapular skin changes and akneobraznye; rarely visual impairment (incl. acuteness), Cataract, retinopathy, laringospazm, bronchospasm, pain in the breasts, gynecomastia, menstrual disorders, impotence, increased libido, urinary retention, priapism, Sweating, alopecia, Temporary leukopenia or leukocytosis, erythropenia, hyperprolactinemia, Hyper- and hypoglycemia, giponatriemiya, photosensitivity.

Cooperation.

It enhances the effect of antihypertensive drugs, Opioid analgesics, Antidepressants, ʙarʙituratov, alcohol, weakens indirect anticoagulants-. Inhibits the metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants (their level increases in plasma) and increases the toxicity. With long-term appointment of carbamazepine in plasma levels of haloperidol drops (We need to increase the dose). In combination with lithium can cause a syndrome, such encephalopathy.

Overdose.

Symptoms: extrapyramidal disorders, hypotension, drowsiness, lethargy, in severe cases, coma, respiratory depression, shock.

Treatment: No specific antidote. Perhaps gastric lavage, the subsequent appointment of activated carbon (If overdose is associated with ingestion). When oppression breath-IVL, When pronounced decline in ad-introduction plazmozameshchath liquids, plasma, noradrenaline (but not adrenaline!), to reduce symptoms extrapiramidale disorders — Central and holinoblokatora means anti-parkinsonian N04.

Dosing and Administration.

B /, / m and inside. For acute psihozah adults is 5-10 mg in/m or/with the possible one- or re-introduction of the double in 30-40 minutes (the maximum daily dose is 30-40 mg). In acute alcoholic psychosis-in/5-10 mg (repeating, if necessary,), in the case of alcohol deliria in/in is 10-20 mg at a speed of 5-10 mg/min.

Tablets and solution for the reception inside adult appointed average daily dose 2,25 - 18 mg, increasing it until a sustainable therapeutic effect, followed by a transition to a lower, maintenance dose.

In the treatment of psychosis in children under 5 s start with 2 drops of oral solution 2 once a day, in children older 5 years - 5 drops 2 twice a day with a possible increase of the dose to achieve an effect. In the absence of clinical improvement during 1 month to continue therapy is not recommended.

Precautions.

With the development of tardive dyskinesia recommended a gradual reduction of the dose (up to the total abolition). During therapy, patients should refrain from activities potentially hazardous activities, require attention, rapid mental and motor responses.

Cooperation

Active substance	Description of interaction
Atropyn	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol increases the likelihood of elevated intraocular pressure.
Bromocriptine	FMR. Against the background of reduced effect of haloperidol (You may need a dose adjustment).
Buspirone	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Dopamine	FMR. Against the background of reduced effect of haloperidol.
Droperidol	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Zolpidem	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Carbamazepine	FKV. FMR. It induces microsomal oxidation and decreases the concentration in the blood. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression. Against the background of haloperidol (It lowers the seizure threshold) attenuated effect.
Quetiapine	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Ketamine	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Klozapyn	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Codeine	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Levetiracetam	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol (It lowers the seizure threshold) attenuated effect.
Lithium carbonate	FMR. It increases the risk of encephalopathy syndrome (weakness, drowsiness, fever, confusion, extrapyramidal disorders, and others.).
Lorazepam	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Methyldopa	FMR. Increases (mutually) the likelihood of an undesirable impact on the mental activity (the occurrence of disorientation and slowing or difficulty thinking processes).
Midazolam	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Morphine sulfate	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Norepinephrine	FMR. Against the background of reduced effect of haloperidol.
Oxazepam	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Oxybutynin	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol increases the likelihood of elevated intraocular pressure.
Olanzapine	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Perfenazyn	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Prymydon	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol (It lowers the seizure threshold) attenuated effect.
Risperidone	FKV. FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression. Against the background of haloperidol (inhibits CYP2D6) zamedlyaetsya biotransformation.
Rifampicin	FKV. Speeds (induce CYP450) biotransformation, lowers blood concentration (on average 70%) and weakens the effect.
Tioridazin	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) effect.
Tolterodine	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol increases the likelihood of elevated intraocular pressure.
Topiramate	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol (It lowers the seizure threshold) attenuated effect.
Trigeksifenidil	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol increases the likelihood of elevated intraocular pressure.
Trifluoperazine	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) effect.
Phenylephrine	FMR. Against the background of reduced effect of haloperidol.
Phenytoin	FMR. Against the background of haloperidol (It lowers the seizure threshold) attenuated effect.
Phenobarbital	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression. Against the background of haloperidol (It lowers the seizure threshold) weakened antiepileptic effect.
Fentanyl	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Fluoxetine	FKV. FMR. Increases concentration in the blood, It increases the likelihood of side effects (extrapyramidal disorders, and others.).
Flufenazin	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) effect.
Xlordiazepoksid	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Chlorpromazine	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) effect.
Chlorprothixene	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) effect.
Epinephrine	FMR. Against the background of reduced haloperidol (It may even be perverted) effect.
Ethanol	FMR. Strengthens (mutually) CNS depression.
Ephedrine	FMR. Against the background of reduced effect of haloperidol.