Роботизированная кардиохирургия – Роботизированная хирургия в операциях на сердце
Robotic Laparoscopic Surgery
Robotic Urologic surgery
Robotizirovannaya surgery – краткий обзор
Description robotic thoracic surgery
Torakalynaya surgery – проведение операции в районе груди. For thoracic surgery does not include heart surgery. During the robotic surgery of the chest physician using manipulators, allowing to carry out surgery, introducing them to the patient's body through small incisions (так называемые “замочные скважины”).
Reasons for the operation with the help of robotic surgery chest
Robotic surgery for chest used for procedures, that:
- Require high accuracy in positioning surgical instruments;
- Does not require an open incision.
Certain operations in the chest, are successfully performed using robotic techniques include:
- Тимэктомия – удаление вилочковой железы;
- Лобэктомия – удаление части легкого;
- Эзофагэктомия – удаление пищевода;
- Резекция опухолей средостения – удаление опухолей, situated in the mediastinum (space in the middle part of the chest cavity, limited front of and behind the sternum spine);
- Симпатэктомия – прижигание части симпатического нерва.
Compared to traditional procedures, operation using robotic surgery:
- It reduces the amount of scarring;
- Reduces the cooldown;
- Reduces the risk of infection;
- It reduces blood loss;
- Reduces body injury;
- Reduces the duration of stay in hospital.
Possible complications of robotic surgery chest
Complications are rare, but no procedure does not guarantee the absence of risk. If you plan to robotic thoracic surgery, you need to know about possible complications, which may include:
- Bleeding;
- Infection;
- The accumulation of air or gas in the cavity lung (pneumothorax);
- Collapsed lung;
- The need for long-term maintenance of artificial respiration on a ventilator;
- Damage to neighboring organs or structures;
- The need to switch to traditional surgical methods (eg, traditional laparoscopy or open surgery);
- The negative reaction to anesthesia;
- Nerve Damage;
Some factors, that may increase the risk of complications:
- Advanced age;
- Obesity;
- Smoking;
- Diabetes;
- Excessive alcohol consumption;
- The use of some drugs.
How is robotic surgery on the chest?
Preparation for the procedure
Depending on the reason for the operation, your doctor may prescribe the following:
- Medical checkup;
- Blood and urine tests;
- Рентген грудной клетки – рентгеновское обследование для фотографирования структур внутри грудной клетки;
- Исследование функции легких – анализ, to assess lung function;
- Бариевое рентгеноконтрастное исследование – рентген пищевода, stomach and part of the small intestine after administration of the solution of barium;
- Электрокардиограмма – тест, which records electrical currents, passing through the heart muscle;
- Допплерография – тест, which uses sound waves to visualize the inside of the chest;
- Компьютерная томография – тип рентгена, which uses a computer to take pictures of structures inside the chest;
- МРТ – тест, which uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create images of structures inside the chest;
- Эндоскопия верхних отделов ЖКТ – трубка, equipped with a camera and a light source is used to inspect the inner surface of the esophagus, stomach and part of the small intestine.
In the run-up procedure:
- Consult your doctor about the drugs taken. A week before surgery you may be asked to stop taking some medicines:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs (eg, aspirin);
- Blood thinners, such as clopidogrel (Plaviks) or warfarin;
- We need to take antibiotics, if it is indicated doctor;
- Follow a special diet, as indicated by a physician;
- Take a laxative and / or use an enema, to cleanse the bowel, if it is recommended by your doctor;
- In the morning before the procedure you may be asked to take a shower using a special antibacterial soap;
- We need to organize a trip to the hospital and back after surgery, take care of home care in the recovery period;
- In the evening before the operation can be only a light meal. Do not eat or drink anything the night, unless permitted by a doctor.
Anesthesia
The operation is performed under general anesthesia, during the operation the patient is asleep.
Procedure robotic surgery on the chest
You will be connected to a ventilator. Then the doctor will make several small incisions in the chest wall between the ribs. Inside chest pomesheny can be one or more tubes, to be used for pumping fluids and control air leakage. The thoracic cavity may be pumped carbon dioxide, which will allow the doctor to see better the internal structure of the chest.
Through one of the incisions small camera is introduced to the light source, which is called an endoscope. The camera is attached to one of the manipulators and will transfer an image of the internal organs on the Screen. In other manipulators of surgical instruments are placed to capture, cutting, dissection and suturing tissue. They may include:
- Tongs;
- Scissors;
- Dissector;
- Scalpels.
Sitting at the controls next to the operating table, Doctor will see on-screen image of the internal organs. Physician Assistant will be the operating table, to adjust the camera and tools. Use the joystick and pedals on the control panel physician can control manipulators and operational tools. After the operation tools and manipulators will be extracted, the incision is closed.
Immediately after treatment
After normalization of the breathing tube is removed. Then, the tube will be removed for drainage of liquids.
How long will the robotic thoracic surgery?
About 1-4 hours (depending on the procedure).
Роботизированная хирургия грудной клетки – будет ли это больно?
You will experience pain and discomfort during recovery. The doctor will give you pain medicine.
Вы также можете чувствовать некоторую “раздутость” или боль в плече от газа, injected during the procedure. The discomfort may last up to three days.
The average time of stay in the hospital after robotic surgery chest
The procedure is performed in a hospital. Typically, the length of stay is several days. If complications arise, length of stay in the hospital can be extended.
Care after robotic surgery chest
Care in a hospital
During recovery in the hospital, you can get the following help:
- Assistance when picked up out of bed shortly after surgery;
- Instructions on how, what you should eat and how you need to restrict the activities of;
- В течение нескольких дней после операции будет осуществляться питание через питательную трубку (you will gradually move from liquid to solid food);
- You should use a spirometer to perform deep breaths. Spirometry is used to prevent breathing problems. You also need frequent coughing.
Home Care
When you return home, Follow these steps:, to ensure the normal recovery:
- Take antibiotics, to prevent infection;
- Avoid taking certain medicines, if it is indicated doctor;
- Perform daily walks. This will help restore;
- Clean the incisions with mild soap and water;
- Ask the doctor, when it is safe to shower, bathe, or to expose the surgical site to water;
- It is necessary to restrict certain types of activities (eg, driving, work, athletics), before the end of the recovery period;
- Be sure to follow your doctor's instructions.
Depending on the operation, recovery may take several weeks.
Contact your doctor after robotic surgery chest
After discharge from the hospital need to see a doctor, If the following symptoms:
- Cough or shortness of breath;
- Coughing up yellow, green, or bloody mucus;
- New chest pain;
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills;
- Redness, edema, increased pain, bleeding or discharge from the incision;
- Pain, burning, frequent urination or persistent blood in the urine;
- Pain and / or swelling of the legs, ikr, Foot;
- Constant nausea, vomiting and / or diarrhea;
- Headache, a feeling of weakness or dizziness;
- Other worrisome symptoms.