Robotizirovannaya surgery – brief overview
Robotïzïrovannaya cardiac surgery – Robotic surgery in heart surgery
Robotizirovannaya surgery chest
Description of Robotic Surgery
During the surgery, the doctor uses robotic manipulators, allowing to carry out surgery, introducing them to the patient's body through small incisions (so called “keyholes”).
Tools for Robotic Surgery allow operations with increased accuracy.
Reasons for the operation with the help of robotic surgery
Robotic surgery is used for procedures, that:
- Require high accuracy in positioning surgical instruments;
- Does not require an open incision. Typically used during laparoscopic surgery.
An operation is thus:
- It reduces the amount of scarring;
- Reduces the cooldown;
- Reduces the risk of infection;
- It reduces blood loss;
- Reduces body injury;
- Reduces the duration of stay in hospital.
Many types of operations, including in the field of pediatric surgery, It can now be done with the help of a robotic arm:
General surgery:
- Adrenalэktomiya (removal of the adrenal glands);
- Cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder);
- Gastric bypass (Procedure for the treatment of obesity, allowing to reduce the size of the stomach);
- Heller myotomy for – myotomy of the lower esophageal sphincter;
- Fundoplikaciâ (to treat severe cases of heartburn);
- Radical prostatectomy (removal of the prostate);
- Kolorektalynaya surgery (colon surgery);
- Appendectomy (the removal of the appendix);
- Nephrectomy (removal of a kidney);
- Repair of hernia.
Operations in the area of the breast:
- Removal of the esophagus;
- Thymectomy (removal of the thymus gland);
- Mediastinal tumor resection (removal of the tumor in the chest cavity);
- Lobectomy (surgical removal of the lung).
Heart surgery:
- Coronary artery bypass grafting;
- Elimination atrial septal defect;
- Correcting the mitral valve.
Gynecological surgery:
- Hysterectomy (hysterectomies);
- Myomectomy (removal of uterine fibroids).
Possible complications of robotic surgery
Complications are rare, but no procedure does not guarantee the absence of risk. If you plan to robotic surgery, you need to know about possible complications, which may include:
- Damage to neighboring organs or structures;
- Infection;
- Bleeding;
- The negative reaction to anesthesia;
- The need to move during operation of traditional surgical techniques (eg, laparoscopic or open surgery);
Some factors, that may increase the risk of complications:
- Heart or lung disease;
- Advanced age;
- Diabetes;
- Obesity;
- Smoking;
- Excessive alcohol consumption;
- The use of some drugs.
How is robotic surgery?
Preparation for the procedure
They can be assigned to the following tests and procedures:
- Medical checkup;
- Blood tests;
- Electrocardiogram – test, which records electrical currents, passing through the heart muscle;
- Chest X-ray – structures for photographing intrathoracic;
- Ultrasound examination – test, that uses sound waves to visualize structures within the thorax;
- CT scan – type of X-ray, which uses a computer to take pictures of structures inside the chest;
- MRI scan – test, which uses magnetic waves, structures to make images inside the chest.
Before you begin:
- Consult your doctor about the drugs taken. A week before surgery you may be asked to stop taking some medicines:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs (eg, aspirin);
- Blood thinners, such as clopidogrel or warfarin;
- We need to take antibiotics, if it is indicated doctor;
- Follow a special diet, as indicated by a physician;
- In the morning before the procedure you may be asked to take a shower using a special antibacterial soap;
- We need to organize a trip to the hospital and back after surgery, take care of home care in the recovery period;
- In the evening before the operation can be only a light meal. Do not eat or drink anything the night, unless permitted by a doctor.
Anesthesia
During the robotic surgery may include the following types of anesthesia:
- General anesthesia – blocks pain and the patient support in a sleep state during operation. Administered intravenously in the arm or hand;
- Local anesthesia – anaesthetises body, during surgery, the patient is awake. It is used as an injection. Sometimes it can be used in conjunction with sedatives.
Procedure Robotic Surgery
The physician makes a few small incisions in the skin at the site of, where the operation will be carried out. In most cases, the operated region is injected carbon dioxide. This will allow the doctor to better see the internal structure. Then the doctor inserts a small camera, which is called an endoscope, through one of the incisions. The camera will bring the image of the internal organs on the Screen. Handles with gripping tools will be inserted into other holes, cutting, dissection and suturing tissue.
Sitting at the controls next to the operating table, Doctor will see on-screen image of the internal organs. Physician Assistant will be the operating table, to adjust the camera and tools. Use the joystick and pedals on the control panel physician can control manipulators and tools. After the operation handles are extracted, the incision is closed.
How long will the robotic surgery?
Usually 1-2 hours or less.
Robotizirovannaya surgery – Will it hurt?
You will experience pain and discomfort during recovery. The doctor will give you pain medicine. You may also feel some “inflation” or pain in your shoulder from the gas, injected during the procedure. The discomfort may last up to three days.
The average time of stay in the hospital after robotic surgery
The procedure is performed in a hospital. Typically, the length of stay is several days. If complications arise, length of stay in the hospital can be extended.
Care after robotic surgery
During the restoration of the hospital:
- After surgery, to start as soon as possible to go (personnel via);
- You will receive instructions about eating, a list of the necessary measures, that need to be performed depending on the type of operation. You can return to normal activities within a few weeks after surgery.
After returning home, be sure to follow your doctor's instructions. Ask the doctor, when it is safe to shower, bathe or expose the surgical site to water.
Contact your doctor after robotic surgery
After returning home, you need to see a doctor, If the following symptoms:
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills;
- Redness, edema, increased pain, bleeding or discharge from the incision;
- Cough, breathlessness, chest pain, severe nausea or vomiting;
- Pain, burning, frequent urination or persistent blood in the urine;
- Pain and / or swelling of the legs, ikr, Foot, or sudden shortness of breath or chest pain;
- Constipation or diarrhea;
- Other worrisome symptoms.
