Description removal of the esophagus
Эзофагэктомия – операция по удалению пищевода. The esophagus is a muscular tube, which stretches from the mouth to the stomach, through which food passes.
Reasons for removal of the esophagus
Resection esophagus can be used, to cure:
- Esophageal carcinoma;
- Benign tumors and cysts of the esophagus;
- Other gastric disorders.
Possible complications of removal of the esophagus
If you plan to esophagectomy, you need to know about possible complications, which may include:
- Bleeding;
- Blood clots;
- Infection;
- Sore throat;
- Adverse reaction to anesthesia;
- Leakage of fluid from the joints;
- Heart attack;
Factors, that may increase the risk of complications:
- Existing heart or lung disease;
- Advanced age;
- Obesity;
- Smoking;
- Diabetes;
- Excessive alcohol consumption.
We need to discuss these risks with your doctor before the procedure.
How is esophagectomy?
Preparation for the procedure
It can be carried out as follows:
- Medical checkup;
- Blood and urine tests;
- Рентген грудной клетки – тест, which uses X-rays to take pictures of organs inside the body;
- Ультразвуковое исследование – тест, which uses sound waves to study the structures in the body;
- Компьютерная томография – типа рентгена, which uses computer, to make pictures of structures in the body;
- МРТ – тест, which uses magnetic waves, to make pictures of structures in the body;
- Верхняя эндоскопия – тонкая трубка вставляется в горло, to examine the esophagus;
- Prepared space for serving food through the small intestine (It can be done during the esophageal resection).
In the run-up to the procedure:
- Consult your doctor about the drugs taken. A week before surgery you may be asked to stop taking some medicines:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs (eg, aspirin);
- Blood thinners, such as clopidogrel (Plaviks) or warfarin;
- We need to organize a trip home from the hospital and care at home for a period of recovery;
- On the eve of the evening before surgery you can eat a light meal. Do not eat or drink anything after midnight;
- Your doctor may prescribe:
- Use an enema, to cleanse the bowel;
- Follow a special diet;
- Take antibiotics or other medicines;
- Take a shower with antibacterial soap the night before surgery.
Anesthesia
Будет использоваться общий наркоз. It will block pain and will support you in a state of sleep during surgery. The trachea is a tube placed, to help to breathe.
Procedure removal of the esophagus
Depending on the field, to be deleted, the doctor will make an incision in the neck or abdomen, using one of the following methods::
- One large incision (open procedure) – врач найдет очаг опухоли и удалит его;
- Serves several small incisions (robotizirovannaya surgery), and through them will be inserted tiny camera and miniature surgical instruments. Looking at the esophagus on a monitor, Doctor detects and removes the tumor center.
“Замена” пищеводу будет сформирована из части желудка. Оставшаяся часть пищевода будет прикреплена к “новому” пищеводу. In some cases, lymph nodes in the area of operations will also be deleted. One or more tubes will be placed in the chest to drain (drainage) liquids. After the operation the incision is closed with staples or stitches.
How long will the removal of the esophagus?
About six hours.
Удаление пищевода – будет ли это больно?
Upon termination of anesthesia you will feel the pain. Doctor will prescribe pain medication, to reduce pain.
The average hospital stay
The procedure is performed in a hospital. Usually the duration of stay of 1-2 of the week. Your doctor can extend the period of stay, If there are complications.
Care after esophagectomy
You can not eat or drink anything during the first week after surgery. Вы будете получать питание через питательную трубку. During 7-14 days after the surgery is performed tests the swallowing, to determine the presence of leaks in the surgical site. If there are no leaks, your diet will gradually switch from clear liquids to soft, and further to solid food. You, probably, You can return to a normal diet after about a month. Your stomach will be smaller, so you need to eat small meals.
You also need to perform deep breathing exercises. This may be given an incentive spirometer,, that will help you breathe deeply.
- Every day you need to walk, gradually increasing the distance;
- Avoid heavy work for 6-8 weeks;
- Ask the doctor, when it is safe to shower, bathe, or to expose the cut by water.
Contact your doctor after esophagectomy
After returning home, you need to see a doctor, If the following symptoms:
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills;
- Redness, edema, increased pain, bleeding or any discharge from the incision;
- Nausea and / or vomiting, that do not pass after taking the prescribed medicines and persist for more than two days after discharge from the hospital;
- Pain, which does not pass after taking pain medication appointed;
- Pain, burning, frequent urination or persistent bleeding in the urine;
- Cough, shortness of breath or chest pain;
- Constipation or diarrhea;
- Pain and / or swelling of the legs, calves and feet.