Azithromycin: instructions for using the medicine, structure, Contraindications

When ATH:
J01FA10

Azithromycin: characteristic

The white crystalline powder.

Azithromycin: pharmachologic effect

Antibacterial.

Azithromycin: application

Infections of the upper (streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis) and lower (bacterial exacerbation of chronic obstructive pneumonia, interstitial and alveolar pneumonia, Bacterial bronchitis) respiratory, ENT (otitis media, laringit e sinusitis), genitourinary system (urethritis and cervicitis), skin and soft tissue (mug, impetigo, secondarily infected dermatitis), chronic stage erythema migrans (Lyme disease).

Azithromycin: Contraindications

Hypersensitivity (incl. to other macrolides).

Azithromycin: restrictions on use

Serious liver and kidney, pregnancy, lactation.

Azithromycin: use during pregnancy and lactation

Maybe, if the effect of therapy outweighs the potential risk to the fetus and child.

Category actions result in FDA - B. (The study of reproduction in animals revealed no risk of adverse effects on the fetus, and adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have not done.)

Azithromycin: side effects

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, flatulence, abdominal pain, ground, cholestatic jaundice, chest pain, heartbeat, weakness, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, jade, vaginitis, neutropenia or neutrophilia, psevdomembranoznыy colitis, candidiasis, photosensitivity, rash, angioedema, eozinofilija; children, Besides, giperkineziya, excitation, nervousness, insomnia, conjunctivitis.

Azithromycin: interaction

It enhances the effect of ergot alkaloids, digidroэrgotamina. Tetracyclines and chloramphenicol-reinforcing effect (synergism), lincosamides is reduced effect. Antacids, ethanol, food slow down and reduce absorption. Slows excretion, increases serum concentration and enhances the toxicity of cycloserine, anticoagulants, methylprednisolone and felodipine. By inhibiting microsomal oxidation in hepatocytes, lengthens T_1/2, slows excretion, increases the concentration and toxicity of carbamazepine, ergot alkaloids, valproic acid, geksoʙarʙitala, phenytoin, dizopiramida, bromocriptine, Theophylline and other xanthine derivatives, oral hypoglycemic agents. Incompatible with heparin.

Azithromycin: Dosing and Administration

Inside (for 1 hours before or after 2 hours after meals), taking 1 once a day. Adults with infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, infections of skin and soft tissues — in the first day- 0,5 g, from 2-nd to 5th day- 0,25 g / day, or 0,5 g / day for 3 days (dose rate- 1,5 g).

In obstetric diseases — 1 g once; When Lyme disease is 1 g on the first day, from 2-nd to 5th day-on 500 mg (dose rate- 3 g).

Children over 12 on the first day of the month is 10 mg / kg, then 4 -on 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days (dose rate- 30 mg / kg); When Lyme disease on the first day — 20 mg / kg, from 2-nd to 5th day- 10 mg / kg / day.

Azithromycin: precautions

It is necessary to observe the break 2 h in case of simultaneous use of antacids. Use caution when expressed violations of the liver, kidney, cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular arrhythmias and QT prolongation). After discontinuation of treatment hypersensitivity reactions in some patients may persist, which require a specific therapy under the supervision of a physician.

Azithromycin: interaction with other drugs