Cycloserine

When ATH:
J04AB01

Characteristic.

Antibiotic, formed in the process of life Streptomyces orchidaceus and other microorganisms or obtained synthetically.

White or no white crystalline powder, slightly bitter taste. Easily soluble in water, stable in an alkaline medium, It is rapidly degraded at neutral or acidic pH.

Pharmacological action.
Broad-spectrum antibacterial, TB.

Application.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (active form), extrapulmonary tuberculosis (including kidney disease) is in combination therapy; acute infections of the urinary tract.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, epilepsy, depression, expressed excitement, psychosis, severe renal insufficiency, alcoholism.

Restrictions apply.

Pregnancy, lactation, childhood.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Maybe, if the effect of therapy outweighs the potential risk to the fetus and child.

Side effects.

From the nervous system and sensory organs: headache, tremor, dysarthria, dizziness, convulsions, drowsiness, dazed conditions, confusion of thought, disorientation, accompanied by loss of memory, psychosis, suicidal attempts, the changing nature of, irritability, aggressiveness, paresis, hyperreflexia, paraesthesia, clonic seizures seizures, coma.

Cardio-vascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): congestive heart failure (at doses 1000-1500 mg/day), megaloblastnaya anemia.

Other: increases in serum aminotransferases (especially in elderly patients with liver diseases), allergic reactions (itch).

Cooperation.

Ethionamide isoniazid e povyshayut nyeirotoksichnosti. Incompatible with alcohol (It increases the risk of seizures).

Overdose.

Symptoms: headache, dizziness, irritability, paraesthesia, dysarthria, paresis, convulsions, psychosis, dazed conditions, confusion, coma.

Treatment: administration of activated charcoal, symptomatic and supportive therapy, incl. introduction of pyridoxine (200-300 mg/day) for the purpose of relief neurotoxic effects. Effective hemodialysis.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside, adult, the initial dose - 500 mg/day with an interval 12 no, under the control of the level in the blood cycloserine, The maximum daily dose - 1 g; children initial dose ranging from 10 mg / kg / day, then the dose varies depending on the level in the blood and cycloserine therapeutic effect.

Precautions.

During treatment should monitor the level of blood cycloserine (at concentrations above 30 mg/ml probable manifestations of toxicity), hematology, renal and hepatic function. To prevent symptoms of neurotoxicity (incl. tremor, seizures, state of excitement) possible appointment of anticonvulsants or sedatives.

Older patients on the background of renal impairment administered smaller doses. The treatment period should not drink alcoholic beverages.

Cautions.

Before treatment is necessary to determine the sensitivity of microorganisms to cycloserine and other anti-TB drugs.

Cooperation