Description childbirth
Most women, who had a healthy pregnancy, give birth to the baby through a vaginal birth. When vaginal birth of a child is born through the birth canal. Most Females give birth within 38-41 week of pregnancy. However, to know in advance the exact time of birth can not be.
Possible complications during childbirth
You need to know about possible complications during childbirth, which may include:
- Bleeding;
- Uterine infections;
- The gap tissue around the vagina;
- Complications, in which the need to use forceps, vacuum extraction, или кесарево сечение;
- Blood clots;
- Injury to a child;
Some factors, that may increase the risk of complications:
- Anemia;
- Diabetes;
- Coagulation failure;
- Lung disease or heart disease;
- Infectious diseases (eg, active genital herpes infection, HIV infection);
- Placenta previa (the placenta is located over the opening of the uterus channel);
- Detachment of the placenta (Early separation of the placenta from the uterine wall);
- Prolapse of the umbilical cord (umbilical cord slips out of the birth canal before the baby's head);
- A large child or a child in the wrong position in the uterus;
We need to discuss these risks with your doctor before giving birth.
How are vaginal birth?
Preparing for childbirth
During pregnancy, it is recommended to do the following:
- We need to attend antenatal clinic;
- Eat healthy foods and drink plenty of fluids;
- Sleep as long, how is it possible;
- Read books about the birth and adoption birth;
- You can choose a person, who will be next, and will provide support during labor;
- It is necessary to discuss with your doctor the following:
- Methods of communication after, how labor begins;
- Steps, to be taken at the onset of labor;
- Do I have to take painkillers during childbirth?
- Методика массажа промежности – области между анусом и влагалищем. Massage can help reduce the likelihood of injury in this area;
- How to quickly get to the hospital;
- You need to know about the signs of labor, which include:
- Contractions;
- Discharge of amniotic fluid (amniotic fluid, that surrounds the baby leaks out through the vagina);
- Backache;
- A slight vaginal bleeding.
True and false labor
Before the start of this labor may be a period of "false" births. These irregular uterine contractions, called Braxton-Hicks contractions. This is normal, However, It can be painful. False labor, usually, felt in the stomach, and not in the back. Длительность между сокращениями – хороший способ узнать приближение настоящих родов. It is necessary to pay attention to the period between contractions. If contractions become increasingly, dlitelnee, stronger, and felt in the back, it may be a sign of the coming birth. In this case, you need to see a doctor.
Delivery
During this process, the child comes out of the womb of the mother. At the beginning of the genera, uterus (there, where the baby grows during pregnancy) begin to fall, moving the baby down the vagina. Cervix (the opening of the uterus into the vagina), gradually increases to a diameter of about 10 centimeters. This allows the baby to pass through the opening of the vagina. This process usually takes a while. But, if you have been previously been vaginal delivery, the process must be rapid.
Anesthesia
Childbirth can cause severe pain, but you need to bear in mind , that the birth of every woman are different. When planning the birth should talk with their doctor about the possibilities for pain relief.
In the early stages of delivery can be useful such methods, how rhythmic breathing, meditation, acupressure. Some women do not require anesthesia.
There are many choices of anesthesia during childbirth. All procedures, to reduce pain during labor have risks and positive aspects. We need to discuss this with your doctor.
- Painkillers, introducing intravenously or by injection of muscle:
- Apply, when the contractions become stronger and more painful;
- Can penetrate the blood child.
- Эpiduralynaya blockade:
- Liquid painkillers injected into the area of the spinal cord;
- We introduce an anesthesiologist (doctor, who specializes in anesthesia);
- It does not penetrate into the baby's blood;
- Reduces the perception of pain in the lower body;
- It provides good pain relief and allows you to continue to childbirth;
- Sometimes it can cause headaches and drop in blood pressure, as well as changes in baby's heartbeat.
- Spinalynaya anesthesia:
- Liquid anesthetics are administered into the cerebrospinal fluid;
- It is used for pain relief during labor, particularly if it is necessary the use of forceps or vacuum extraction;
- Often used for caesarean section;
- Painkillers lower half of the body and reduces the ability of the child to the expulsion;
- It provides good pain relief and quickly begins to act;
- It can cause headaches after delivery and drop in blood pressure during childbirth, as well as changes in baby's heartbeat.
- Local anesthesia:
- Inserted into the vagina or surrounding area;
- Used, если необходима эпизиотомия (incision near the vagina);
- Also used, when stitched vaginal tears;
- It does not reduce the pain of contractions during labor.
Description of delivery
When the cervix is fully extended (open) and the baby moves down the birth canal, Nurse helps prepare for maternity leave. The legs can be covered with a cloth. Some doctors treated the area around the vagina with an antiseptic solution.
You can put your feet up on the holders, especially if the epidural. The nurse will help keep your feet in a comfortable position. The doctor may ask the woman in labor to find a position, that is right for her. Everytime, when the new mother feels contraction, ей нужно тужиться – пытаться выполнять действия, Similar to the desire defecation.
When the baby's head is visible in the vagina, woman in childbirth may be asked to reduce the attempts. Depending on the flow of the genera, the doctor may massage the perineum and gently stretch it. Episiotomy is usually not done, but in some cases it is necessary.
Once the baby's head comes out, maternity will be asked to make an effort to stop. The doctor will examine, To make sure, that the umbilical cord is not wrapped around the baby's neck. Then again, you need to push, until, until the child will. If the baby appears healthy and is breathing well, it can be placed on the mother's abdomen. The umbilical cord is clamped and cut. For the next 20 minutes will placenta.
Sometimes the baby's head is not moving, As expected, through the birth canal. If it happens, the doctor may use forceps or vacuum extraction to the expulsion of the fetus.
Immediately after birth,
- Immediately after birth, the child may be placed on the mother's abdomen or chest for skin-to-skin contact;
- Woman in labor may need stitches, if the perineum was cut or torn;
- It can be performed abdominal massage, to help relax the uterus and reduce bleeding;
- Vaginal region, perineum, rectum are cleared;
- Sometimes the ice to go to the perineum, to reduce swelling;
- Women giving birth can give an injection of oxytocin, to reduce bleeding;
- The doctor will give pain medicine maternity.
How much time are birth?
Среднее время для родов при рождении первого ребенка – около 12 hours. This time, However, can vary greatly.
Will it hurt during childbirth?
Births cause a lot of pain during labor. There may be brief periods of relief after each cut. We need to talk to your doctor about how to reduce pain.
The average hospital stay after childbirth
Typically, the length of stay for vaginal delivery is 1-3 day. The doctor can extend the period of stay, If there are complications.
Treatments after childbirth
Having a baby changes the mother physically and emotionally.
Physical effects
Physical, perhaps, following:
- Боль в груди – грудь может болеть и набухает, when milk accumulates. Besides, nipples may hurt;
- Запор – стул может появиться на третий или четвертый день после родов;
- The seams can cause pain when sitting or walking;
- Геморрой может причинять боль при дефекации;
- Чувство жара и холода – это связано с тем, that the body is trying to adjust to the change in hormone levels and blood flow;
- Недержание мочи или кала – во время родов мышцы были растянуты. This can cause difficulties in controlling urine and feces in a short period of time after delivery;
- Послеродовые боли – сокращение матки может вызвать приступы боли. This is normal after childbirth;
- Выделения из влагалища – могут продолжаться некоторое время и часто содержит комки. Selections gradually decrease, They are white or yellow and terminated within two months;
- Вес – послеродовой вес, probably, will be lower than normal, due to loss of water. During the first week the body regains its salt balance, and the weight becomes normal.
The emotional effects of childbirth
Emotionally new mother may feel:
- Эмоциональная нестабильность после родов – “Baby Blues” – около 80% new moms have irritability, sadness, crying or anxiety. This continues for several days or weeks postpartum. These feelings can be caused by hormonal changes, depletion, unexpected experience of childbirth, and a sense of lack of control over their new life;
- Послеродовая депрессия – расстройство является более серьезным, than the previous one, and occurs in 10% -20% expectant mothers. This can lead to constant mood swings, alarm, sense of guilt, sorrow. Depression can occur at once, and a few months after giving birth. It is more common in women with a family history of depression;
- Postpartum psychosis is a rare, but serious disorder. Symptoms include difficulty in thinking and a desire to harm the baby. If there is suspicion of postpartum psychosis, you need to see a doctor;
- Сексуальные отношения – роженица может чувствовать себя физически и эмоционально не готовой к возобновлению сексуальных отношений. In most cases, interest in sex will be in a few weeks.
How to take care of themselves?
- When the baby sleeps, should take a nap most;
- Give yourself some time each day, to relax with a book or listen to music;
- We need to ask your doctor about, when it is safe to shower, bathe;
- You need to do exercises and walk in the fresh air;
- We need to find time to communicate with her husband;
- Take time every day, to enjoy a child. Encourage your partner to do the same;
- It is recommended that breastfeeding, If the doctor does not specify otherwise;
- You need to eat light and healthy food. If feelings of depression, do not take visitors;
- If necessary, you need to ask for help;
- Need to consider joining a support group for young moms. There you can get support and explore new methods of education;
- For six weeks to stop having sex or any objects into the vagina, to validate a gynecological;
- Be sure to follow your doctor's instructions.
Communication with a physician after childbirth
Upon returning home, you need to see a doctor, If the following symptoms:
- Signs of infection, including fever and chills;
- increase in bleeding: filling more than one sanitary napkin an hour;
- Wounds, to become red, swollen or pus;
- Unpleasant smelling vaginal discharge;
- Pain, swelling or tenderness in your legs;
- Pain, which does not pass after taking pain medication appointed;
- Pain, burning, frequent urination, or persistent blood in the urine;
- Cough, shortness of breath or chest pain;
- Depression, suicidal thoughts or a desire to harm the child;
- Heat and redness of the breast, are accompanied by fever;
- Any cracks or bleeding nipples or areolae (dark chest area).