Retinol (When ATH A11CA01)

When ATH:
A11CA01

Characteristic.

White or pale yellow crystals with a faint odor. Practically insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, oils and fats. It decomposes under the influence of oxygen, air and the world.

Pharmacological action.
Makes up for the deficiency of vitamin A.

Application.

A vitamin deficiency and vitamin deficiencies, infectious diseases (kor, dysentery, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia), skin diseases (burns, frostbite, wounds, lupus, hyperkeratoses, ichthyosis, psoriasis, pyoderma, some forms of eczema, etc.. inflammatory and degenerative pathological processes), eye diseases (retinitis pigmentosa, day-blindness, xerophthalmia, keratomalyatsiya, eczematous lesions age, konъyunktyvytы), rickets, gipotrofii, acute respiratory infections, chronic bronchopulmonary disease, erosive and ulcerative and inflammatory lesions of the GI tract, cirrhosis of the liver, epithelial tumors and leukaemias (to improve the stability of hematopoietic tissue to action of cytostatics), mastopathy.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, cholelithiasis, chronic pancreatitis, pregnancy (I trimester).

Restrictions apply.

Acute and chronic nephritis, cardiac decompensation.

Side effects.

Headache, slackness, nausea, vomiting, fever, drowsiness, peeling of the skin, gait disorders, pain in the bones of the lower extremities, гипервитаминоз A. Children may rise in temperature, drowsiness, Sweating, vomiting, skin rashes, increase in cerebrospinal fluid pressure (infants may develop hydrocephalus, and protrusion of the fontanelle). When i / m injection capacity of local soreness and education infiltrates.

Cooperation.

The effect increases tocopherol and its preparations. Decreases (mutually) the risk of hypervitaminosis D. Suction retinol violate nitrites, cholestyramine.

Overdose.

In acute gipervitaminoze — the best headache, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, visual disturbances, convulsions, anacatharsis, profuse diarrhea, severe dehydration; On the second day there is widespread rash with peeling followed krupnoplastinchatym, since persons; palpation of the long bones subperiosteal sharp pain due to bleeding, bone changes, soft tissue. In children, anxiety is characterized by an acute hypervitaminosis, emotion, insomnia during the first day, sometimes somnolence, temperature rise up to 39 °C, vomiting, diverticulum of the large fontanelle, signs of suffocation.

Treatment: symptomatic; as antagonist administered thyroxine, and ascorbic acid.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside, / m, outwardly. Therapeutic doses for beriberi mild to moderate: adults-to 33000 IU per day, when night blindness, xerophthalmia, retinitis pigmentosa-50000-100000 IU/day. Children-1000-5000 IU/day, depending on the age. In diseases of the skin: adult-50000-100000 IU/day, children — 5000-10000-20000 IU per day. The oily solutions can also be used externally for burns, ulcers, frostbite, lubricating 5-6 times a day, covering the gauze bandage; both retinol appointed interior or / m.

Precautions.

Teratogenic effects of high doses of retinol is retained even after the termination of its acceptance, so plan pregnancy when using the drug is recommended only after 6-12 months.

Cooperation