Altretamïn

When ATH:
L01XX03

Characteristic.

Синтетическое 1,3,5-диэтиламинозамещенное производное s-триазина.

The white crystalline powder, практически нерастворим в воде и пропиленгликоле, хорошо растворим chloroform, этилацетате и N,N-диметилацетамиде; растворимость увеличивается в кислой среде.

Pharmacological action.
Antitumor, cytostatic, immunosuppressive.

Application.

Ovarian Cancer, устойчивый к терапии цисплатином и/или алкилирующими препаратами, либо рецидивирующий после нее.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, lactation, childhood (safety and effectiveness in children have not identified).

Restrictions apply.

Миелодепрессия; infection, incl. enable vetryanaya, gerpes zoster; severe liver and kidney; выраженные проявления нейротоксичности, incl. обусловленной цисплатином; наличие костных метастазов; prior cytotoxic or radiation therapy.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Contraindicated in pregnancy. At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Category actions result in FDA - D. (There is evidence of the risk of adverse effects of drugs on the human fetus, obtained in research or practice, However, the potential benefits, associated with drugs in pregnant, may justify its use, in spite of the possible risk, if the drug is needed in life-threatening situations or severe disease, when safer agents should not be used or are ineffective.)

Side effects.

Cardio-vascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, angiostaxis, bleeding, incl. скрытые.

From the digestive tract: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, ulcers in the mouth and on the lips, abdominal pain, diarrhea, abnormal liver function (toxic hepatitis).

From the nervous system and sensory organs: нейротоксичность — слабость, dizziness, headache, mood changes, anxiety, alarm, depression, confusion, dystaxia, seizures; peripheral neuropathy (decreased sensitivity, ощущение онемения и покалывания в конечностях).

With the genitourinary system: impairment of renal function, painful and difficult urination, amenorrhea, azoospermia.

Other: flu-like symptoms, fever, the development of infections, alopecia, increase in AP, BUN, creatinine, allergic reactions (skin rashes, itch).

Cooperation.

The simultaneous appointment of MAO inhibitors (furazolidon, procarbazine, selegiline et al.) can cause orthostatic hypotension. Cimetidine increases toxicity (It inhibits the metabolism). Myelotoxicity drugs, incl. Other anti-tumor agents, and radiation therapy potentiate (mutually) inhibition of hematopoiesis. NSAIDs increase the risk of bleeding. Weakens the effectiveness of immunization inactivated vaccines, using vaccines, containing live viruses, enhances viral replication and side effects of vaccination (immunosuppressive effect).

Overdose.

Symptoms: may increase neuronal, myelo- and gastrointestinal toxicity.

Treatment: dose reduction or withdrawal of the drug; simptomaticheskaya therapy (antiemetics, pyridoxine and others.).

Dosing and Administration.

Inside, after meal, daily for 14 or 21 дня подряд в 28-дневном цикле в дозе 260 mg / m²/day for 4 admission (after meals and at bedtime). Перерыв между курсами — 7–14 дней. If nausea and vomiting, can not be solved by means of symptomatic, the appearance of leukopenia (число лейкоцитов менее 2,0·10⁹/л или гранулоцитов менее 1,0·10⁹/l) thrombocytopenia and (число тромбоцитов до 75·10⁹/l), progression of neurotoxic symptoms treated temporarily (on 14 days or more) прекращают и возобновляют в дозе 200 mg / m²/d.

Precautions.

Use only under medical supervision, with experience chemotherapy. There must be adequate measures and tools for the diagnosis and treatment of possible complications. Prior to treatment and regularly during the meeting is necessary to determine hemoglobin or hematocrit, the number of platelets and leukocytes (the number of white blood cells and platelets is reduced as much as possible in 6-8 weeks), neurologic examination. When the chill, fever, cough or hoarseness, pain in the lower back or side, voiding, bleeding or hemorrhage, point red spots on the skin, black stool, blood in the urine or stool require immediate medical consultation. The occurrence of thrombocytopenia causes extreme caution when performing invasive procedures, limit frequency troublesome and the rejection of the / m injection, Regular inspection of places on / in the, skin and mucous membranes (for signs of bleeding), control of blood in the urine, vomit, Kale. Therefore patients should very carefully shave, manicure, brush your teeth, dentists use threads and toothpicks, carry out prevention of constipation, avoid falls and other. damage, which are likely to hemorrhage and trauma, the admission of alcohol and aspirin, increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. At the time of treatment should abandon vaccination, а совместно проживающим членам семьи — от иммунизации пероральной вакциной против полиомиелита. Необходимо исключить контакт с инфекционными больными, а также людьми, receiving the polio vaccine. Не следует касаться глаз или слизистой оболочки носа, если непосредственно перед этим руки не были тщательно вымыты. В период терапии следует использовать адекватные меры контрацепции.

Cooperation