Diagnosis of varicose veins
Self-Diagnosis
When the veins are enlarged and clearly visible to the naked eye, understand, What are you sick, It is not difficult. However, there are varicose veins of both surface, and deep, which can not be seen. Besides, in the early stages of the disease it is easy to confuse with other disorders. Therefore better navigate primarily on the feeling.
Pain in varicose veins are very diverse: hot throbbing, night cramps, pain when walking, pain during venous trunks, general aches and pain in the extremities.
Even at the very beginning of the disease in the evening there swelling, a feeling of heaviness and bloating, trophic changes the color of the skin associated with malnutrition skin. If there is a long illness, in these areas can be formed sores. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the color of the skin on the feet, especially in the legs, in the ankles. And the formation of dark brownish spots should guard and motivate to action.
When late begun treatment the disease progresses - developed thrombophlebitis, phlebothrombosis, appear sores, varicose ruptures, which can cause bleeding.
define yourself, there you have a simple varicose veins or there is a complication in the form of thrombophlebitis, pretty hard. Indirect signs of blood clots a sharp increase in pain, which are no longer held after, the legs a rest. veins also become hot in places nodes. These areas are heavily swollen, It appears redness.
For a more accurate diagnosis should seek medical advice, as in acute thrombophlebitis require more intensive treatment, than in uncomplicated disease. Especially, that various unpleasant sensations, occurring in the legs, It may not necessarily be the symptoms of varicose disease. For Example, approximately 17% patients with pain in the calf muscles are due to neuritis, myositis or bleeding in the calf muscles. Skin discoloration and fever (both local, and overall) It may be a sign of various infectious diseases, in particular erysipelas.
I would especially like to draw attention to two variants of acute thrombophlebitis: superficial and deep veins.
Blood clots, in the superficial veins may appear on the background of varicose (34-64%), or without. They generate a lot of local issues. But the most dangerous - is the separation of clot from the vein wall. After all, he is taken out into the pulmonary artery and cause instant death. Some authors are called acute thrombophlebitis of subcutaneous veins: "Incubator" fatal thromboembolism in the pulmonary artery. Of course, This happens very rarely, but still there. Therefore, thrombophlebitis and suspected it is not recommended to rub veins.
Acute thrombosis of subcutaneous veins more likely to develop in women, and the great saphenous Vienna is affected much more frequently, than small. Symptoms are: in the course of saphenous veins appear redness and seal, touch vein hurt.
The operation to remove a blood clot from a vein (including deep) must be performed as quickly as possible. The maximum term varies from day to 8 days after disease onset. According to experts, optimal time - up 48 hours. In this case the possible removal of thrombotic masses without special tools, and hence, without injury inner surface of the vessel, until the clot has not started to grow into the vessel wall.
When thrombophlebitis saphenous veins used surgery Trendelenburg. It is believed, that phlebectomy as surgery is not nothing complicated, why in the world are produced in its most general surgical hospitals. But it is sick, phlebological past by specialized departments or angiosurgical, often faced with recurrent varicose veins and coarse cosmetic defects after surgery.
Accurate diagnostic methods of varicose veins
The only real bloodless method of investigation of varicose veins is ultrasound. Ultrasonic method allows to determine not only the presence or absence of reverse casting of venous blood and assess the condition of the walls of veins, and with certainty 98% identify the anatomical features of the structure of the valve unit and the whole venous system as a whole.
The most modern technique - duplex scanning with color Doppler mapping, allowing to identify the patency and condition of deep vein valves, of the tibia to the bottom of the hollow, the direction of blood flow in the deep and superficial veins.
It is also a special trial, provoking a return throw blood: leg cuff is applied by an apparatus for measuring pressure. This allows you to find out: "Falls" Does blood back under gravity
in the intervals between heartbeats. In other words, Ultrasound helps to understand, qualitatively Do keep blood venous valves.
Sometimes, in addition to the ultrasound is also performed and contrast X-ray examination (venography, angiography). The disadvantage of this method of diagnosis - is, that requires the injection of contrast medium for administration. Therefore, this method should be used to confirm the diagnosis, when insufficient information, obtained by ultrasonography.
