Cephalexin

When ATH:
J01DB01

Characteristic.

Antibiotic-generation cephalosporin group I.

White or white with a slightly yellowish tinge powder with a characteristic odor. Hard slowly soluble in water, practically insoluble in alcohol.

Pharmacological action.
Antibacterial, bactericide.

Application.

Infectious diseases (mild to moderate severity), caused by susceptible microorganisms: infection of upper respiratory tract (incl. otitis media, pharyngitis, sore throat, sinusitis), upper and lower respiratory tract (pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, empyema, lung abscess), urinary tract (incl. acute and chronic pyelonephritis, cystitis, uretrit), gynecological infections (incl. endometritis, vulvovaginitis), skin and soft tissue (furunculosis, abscess, flegmona, pyoderma), bone and joints (incl. acute and chronic osteomyelitis), prostatitis, epididymitis, gonorrhea, limfangiit.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, incl. to other cephalosporins.

Restrictions apply.

Renal failure, psevdomembranoznыy colitis (history), infancy (to 6 Months).

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

When pregnancy is possible, if the effect of therapy outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Side effects.

From the nervous system and sensory organs: headache, dizziness, weakness, drowsiness, excitation, hallucinations, convulsions.

Cardio-vascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): reversible leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, Elongation PV, eozinofilija.

From the digestive tract: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry mouth, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, transient increase in serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase, psevdomembranoznыy colitis, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, dysbiosis.

With the genitourinary system: vaginitis, vaginal discharge, interstitial nephritis, itching genitals and anus.

Allergic reactions: itch, skin rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome), hives, angioedema, anaphylactic shock, arthralgia.

Other: candidiasis, incl. intestinal candidiasis, oral, genital candidiasis; superimposed infection.

Cooperation.

Furosemid, ethacrynic acid and nephrotoxic antibiotics (incl. aminoglikozidy) increase the risk of kidney damage. Cephalexin increases effects of indirect anticoagulants. Salicylates and indomethacin slow excretion of cephalexin.

Overdose.

Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhea, hematuria.

Treatment: Activated carbon (effective, than lavage), airway support, control of vital functions, blood gas and electrolyte balance.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside, / m, I /. The dosage regimen is determined individually, It depends on the type and severity of the disease, susceptibility.

Inside, before meals: the average adult dose is 250-500 mg by 2-4 times a day, daily dose-1-2, 2011, if necessary, it can be increased to 4 g; children with a body weight of less than 40 kg is 25-50 mg/kg/day (to 100 mg / kg per day).

If any excretory functions of the kidneys in clearance of creatinine to 5-20 ml/min, the maximum daily dose should not exceed 1,5 g, and when Cl creatinine less than 5 ml / min - 0,5 g. The daily dose is divided into 4 admission. Duration of treatment is 7-14 days.

Precautions.

In patients with renal impairment is possible cumulation (requires correction mode). Use caution with a history of allergic reactions to penicillin antibiotics, carbapenems.

There may be a false positive reaction to the sugar in the urine and a positive reaction in the test Coombs. When staph infection exists cross resistance between cephalosporins and izoksazolilpenitsillinami.

During treatment, can not drink alcohol.

Cooperation