Biopharmaceutical drug interactions

The successful development of biological pharmacy and the accumulated results of research in this area urgently require the review of traditional approaches to many issues in pharmacy, including processes interaction, flowing in the system of the drug between its constituent components. Under the concept of Biopharmaceutics, no one constituent component of the drug can not be regarded as indifferent in the pharmacological and chemical relationships. All of them, having appropriate properties, able to interact with each other, tare, components of the environment, forming products of varying strength of the original or new properties. All medicines should be science-based formulations. For each drug or mixtures thereof must be individually, professional approach, taking into account the properties of composite components, possible interactions between them and the usefulness of the end products of this interaction in medical practice. Only in this case can be expected to rely on the effectiveness of drugs.

Having regard to the biological pharmacy and clinical practice experience, which uses a series of selective pharmaceutically incompatible compositions for treating a number of diseases and aid in case of poisoning medicines and household poisons, it is desirable to select those "useful" interactions in a separate subgroup - biopharmaceutical interaction. Despite the apparent Biopharmaceutical affinity interactions with the physical and chemical, clear and easy to see the difference between them: These interactions proceed between the substances in the presence of drug components biosystem or directly in the body. This makes it possible to assign them to a subgroup of biopharmaceutical interactions. Besides, physicochemical interaction, occurring in the dosage system, always lead to undesirable consequences, whereas biopharmaceutical - in some cases successfully used in medical practice.

For Example, Given the ability of tannin form insoluble compounds with salts of heavy metals and alkaloids, used in medical practice 0,5% tannin solution for gastric lavage for poisoning by these substances, taken orally.

Method for the treatment of scabies Dem'yanovich based on the chemical compatibility of sodium thiosulphate with hydrochloric acid. The reaction between the components is formed on the skin of the patient susceptible to scabies sulfur dioxide.

If poisoning acids to neutralize them using magnesium oxide, and alkalis used in poisoning the weak organic acids.

Noteworthy is the use in the medical practice such as an effective antidote unitiol, suktsimer etc.. Unithiol (2,4-dimeric kaptopropansulyfat sodium) It applies in cases of poisoning thiol poisons - Arsenic compounds, bismuth, mercury, as well as chromium and other metals (except lead). Active sulfhydryl groups unitiola interact with substances, located in the blood and tissues, forming a persistent toxic complexes, are excreted in the urine. This leads to the restoration of the activity of enzymatic systems of the organism, envenomings.

Similarly unitiol, but weaker effect on the property has suktsimer, which forms soluble, easily excretes complexes with mercury, Arsenic, lead and cadmium (It does not form complexes with copper, manganese, zinc, iron, chromium and cobalt,).

Pentatsin (calcium trisodium penetrants) by intravenous administration forms complexes with plutonium and radioactive decay products of uranium: Yttrium, tseziem, zinc (except lead and strontium) and facilitates their removal from the body. This substance is also used for indicating said radioisotope carrier.

A weaker chelator penicillamine, which binds, mainly, copper ions, mercury, lead, iron and calcium. The resulting complexes are excreted in the urine.

Sodium thiosulfate, interacting with arsenic compounds, mercury and lead, It forms a non-toxic sulfites, which are easily removed from the body. He is able to bind hydrocyanic acid and its salts, forming less toxic, rapidly eliminated rodanistye connection.

Derivatives of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (tetratsin lime) are able to form with a number of two- and trivalent metal complexes resistant inactive, readily soluble in water and therefore rapidly eliminated from the body through the kidneys. They are successfully used for the treatment of acute and chronic lead poisoning, Cadmium, cobalt, yttrium and other substances.

It is often used in medical practice, the ability of activated carbon to adsorb drugs in the gastrointestinal tract at various poisonings or to remove toxic substances from the blood (gemo- and plasmasorption).

The above materials are used not only in antidototerapii, but also for therapeutic purposes. So, unitiol and penicillamine are effective in treating hepatolenticular dystrophy, characterized by impaired copper metabolism. Trilon B promotes the excretion of calcium in their deposits in the joints, muscle, kidney, the walls of the veins.

Finally, oral medication components interact with the contents of the gastrointestinal tract. These interactions take place directly in the body while taking medicines and food, and significantly affect both the performance intake of drugs and the final result of drug therapy, and the nutrient absorption.

Thus, Pharmaceutical drug interactions have both negative side, related reactions, occurring in medicinal systems (physicochemical interaction), and partially positive - related interactions, that occur in biological systems (biopharmaceutical interaction) and can be successfully used in medical practice, and in the case of aid for different poisoning.

But, experience has shown, biopharmaceutical cooperation deserve special attention, because the show is not only helpful (healing), and adverse events, eg, the formation of inactive or low complexes (malodissotsiiruyuschie, insoluble, poorly absorbed and so on.), resulting in partial or complete loss of therapeutic efficacy of drugs. For Example, tetracyclines when used in conjunction with drugs "Vikalin" or "Vikair" by reacting the antibiotic with two- and trivalent metal ions, and bismuth formed insoluble complex, which is poorly absorbed in the gut, and resorptive effect substance is reduced or disappears completely.

These examples demonstrate, At first, difficulties in the development of classification processes of interaction, encountered in drug therapy; Secondly, in some cases can be traced the continuity or close relationship pharmaceuticals (especially biopharmaceuticals) and pharmacological interactions and, third, from the doctor and pharmacist needs specific expertise, or for the prevention of such interactions in pharmacotherapy. Maybe, This explains the existence and widely used in many countries of the world of computer reference software when dispensing from the pharmacy network, especially when it comes to the combination therapy. The development and use of such programs compels a large assortment of drugs in the pharmaceutical market.