Cholelithiasis – symptoms, diagnostics, treatment, diet for gallstones

Liver and biliary system, due to the violation of cholesterol metabolism and / or bilirubin. It is characterized by the formation of stones in the gall bladder and / or bile ducts with the possible development of complications.

Factors, contributing to the formation of stones

Obesity, starvation, dishormonal disorders in women, related to pregnancy, delivery; receiving contraceptive drugs; irrational and unbalanced diet; hypokinetic dyskinesia of the gallbladder; advanced age; flooring (gallstone disease in women is more common).

Clinical manifestations of gallstone disease

Allocate 3 stages of gallstone disease (OCW). The first stage of cholelithiasis - physicochemical. At this stage, the liver produces bile, oversaturated with cholesterol, with a reduced content therein of bile acids (lithogenic bile). Clinical symptoms of the disease are absent. When ultrasound gallstones do not show.

The diagnosis of gallstone disease

The diagnosis is based on the results of biochemical studies gallbladder bile, obtained by duodenal intubation. Finds a violation of the colloidal properties of bile, cholesteric flakes, mykrokrystallы.

The first stage of cholelithiasis can occur without symptoms for many years.

Therapeutic and preventive measures at this stage of the disease include: hygienic regime of work and rest adequate systematic exercise, rational diet food with high calorie and excluding high cholesterol foods; timely diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

The second stage is characterized by the presence of cholelithiasis gallstones, identified by ultrasound. In the second step the clinical symptoms of the disease in most cases there are no. Promotion stones in the cystic duct and blockage can cause relevant clinical signs of acute inflammation (acute cholecystitis) with the presence of stabbing pain in the right hypochondrium, fever. Clinical signs are terminated, If the obstruction is removed duct, or progressing with the development of complications.

The third stage of cholelithiasis - Clinical, or surgical complications. Clinical manifestations of the disease depend on the location of the stones, of size, the functional state of the biliary system, the activity of the inflammatory process in the gall bladder and ducts. If the stone falls into the neck of the gallbladder, causing its blockage, Clinic occurs biliary colic (sharp, intense, short, cramping pain in the right upper quadrant, smack in the right shoulder blade or chuck area). There may be nausea, sudden bloating, abundant carminative, intolerance of fatty foods. Upon accession, the inflammatory process tries to body temperature.

Diagnosis of gallstone disease

On the basis of clinical manifestations and outcomes ultrasound of the abdomen.

Treatment of gallstone disease

In the presence of typical symptoms of calculous cholecystitis more justified surgical treatment; not ruled out holding a conservative therapy at the discretion of professionals.

Prevention of cholelithiasis

Timely diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the biliary system, Systematic exercise stress, adherence to diet.