Shoulder Dislocation (Dislocated Shoulder; Glenohumeral Dislocation)
What is a dislocated shoulder?
Dislocation shoulder occurs, when the head of the humerus (upper arm bone) It pops out of the glenoid cavity of the blade. This can happen when a strong turn, twisting, stretching of the humerus.
Shoulder sprains, usually, classified by the direction of dislocation of the humerus.
Shoulder Dislocation can be full or partial:
- A partial dislocation of the shoulder (also called subluxation) – головка плечевой кости выскальзывает из суставной впадины, and then falls into place;
- Полный вывих плеча – головка плечевой кости полностью выходит из суставной впадины.
Плечевой вывих может также быть связан с переломами – одновременно может быть перелом плечевой кости или лопатки, and a dislocated shoulder. Damage to nerves and blood vessels can sometimes cause serious complications if dislocated shoulder. In this case it requires immediate treatment for medical assistance.
Вывих плеча – причины
Dislocation of the shoulder can cause:
- Falling on an outstretched hand;
- A direct blow to the shoulder, eg, during a car accident;
- Tension during the throw or kick.
Risk factors for shoulder dislocation
Factors, which increase the likelihood of shoulder dislocation, They include:
- Previous shoulder dislocation or subluxation;
- Contact sports, such as football, fight, hockey;
- Disorders and diseases of the joints, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome;
- Poor muscle tone.
Вывих плеча – симптомы
Symptoms of shoulder dislocation include:
- Pain, often heavy;
- Instability and weakness in the shoulder area of the joint;
- Inability to move the shoulder;
- Swelling;
- Bruise;
- Abnormal, distorted, the appearance of the shoulder region;
- Numbness and tingling around the shoulder, or in the arm or fingers.
Diagnosis of shoulder dislocation
The doctor will ask about your symptoms, about how the accident occurred, will examine the injured area. Диагноз “вывих плеча” ставится на основании на медицинского осмотра плечевой зоны. The doctor may do an x-ray, to look for a fracture or soft tissue damage, and also to see, in what direction dislocated shoulder.
Dislocation of the shoulder joint treatment
Do not attempt to straighten the bone alone, immediately seek medical advice. Delaying treatment increases the chance of permanent damage to the shoulder joint.
Treatment of shoulder dislocation include:
- Закрытая репозиция костей – врач будет двигать головку плечевой кости таким образом, so she got back into the joint cavity of the blade. Before you begin this procedure is used analgesic;
- Иммобилизация – после вправления вывиха вы должны будете носить ремень или специальное устройство, which allows to minimize movement of the shoulder. Shoulder, usually, It must be stationary for about four weeks, and full recovery takes several months;
- Отдых – важно избегать любой нагрузки на область плечевого сустава;
- Лед и тепло – прикладывайте лед или холодный компресс к плечу в течение 15-20 minutes, four times a day , during the first two days after the bone setting. On the third day of the shoulder need to put a hot water bottle, during 20 minutes or less. This will help relieve pain in muscles and swelling. Wrap the ice or cold pack in a towel. Do not put ice directly on the skin;
- Dislocated shoulder rehabilitation, упражнения – после снятия плечевой перевязи нужно начать выполнять упражнения, to restore the strength and range of motion in the shoulder;
- Прием обезболивающих при плечевом вывихе – нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты (NSAIDs) or paracetamol (Tylenol) help ease the pain;
- Операция при вывихе плеча – если вывих плеча произошел впервые, surgery is usually not required. This procedure is often necessary, if the shoulder dislocation occurs repeatedly.
If you are diagnosed with a dislocated shoulder, Follow the instructions of your doctor.
Preventing shoulder dislocation
To prevent shoulder dislocation:
- Do exercises to strengthen the muscles in the shoulder;
- Use proper equipment when playing sports;
- Avoid Falls.