Cirrhosis of the liver – treatment of disease. Symptoms and prevention of diseases of liver cirrhosis

Цирроз печени – что это за болезнь? Cirrhosis is a chronic progressive disease of the liver, characterized by replacement of liver cells connective tissue.

Цирроз печени – Причины возникновения

Most of (about 80 %) cases of the disease develops as a result of viral hepatitis infection in, Or (D), alcohol dependence.

Factors, that contribute to the development of liver cirrhosis:

• parasitic liver (eg, echinococcosis);
• alcohol abuse;
• receiving gepatotoksicskih drugs;
• pathology of biliary ducts system;
• Autoimmune liver disease;
• metabolic disorders;
• pathology of other bodies (heart failure, Portal vein thrombosis).

Symptoms of liver cirrhosis

Usually, cirrhosis of the liver develops slowly. Symptoms of liver cirrhosis:

• weight loss;
• weakness, fall health, drowsiness;
• a typical Palm redness;
• Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin, buccal mucosa, Sclera eye;
• itching, sometimes unbearable, more pronounced at night;
• bleeding tendency, formation of bruises, prolonged bleeding in injuries, Bleeding from the gums, nosebleeds;
• spider veins-plots translucent vessels on the skin, that resemble the legs of a spider and the stars.

One of the main manifestations of portal hypertension syndrome- (increased pressure in the portal vein system), that the development of hemorrhoids, swollen legs, ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity), varicose veins in the legs, feeling discomfort in the left hypochondrium (splenomegaly), expansion of veins on the skin of the abdomen ("Head of Medusa").

Stages of liver cirrhosis:

1. Phase compensation: There are no manifestations of disease, Because healthy hepatocytes function in enhanced mode.

2. Stage or subcompensation stage: the characteristic appearance of the first symptoms of cirrhosis (decreased appetite, Weight Loss, weakness, discomfort in the right hypochondrium).

3. Stage of decompensation: symptoms of liver failure (pechenochnaya coma, portal hypertension, jaundice).

Цирроз печени – Диагностика

Diagnosis gastroenterologist (or hepatologist) assigns the following studies:

• biochemical blood analysis;
• ultrasound examination of abdominal cavity organs;
• blood markers of viral hepatitis;
• UPPER (fibrojezofagogastroduodenoskopija);
• radioisotope research (scintigraphy of liver);
• computed tomography of the abdomen;
• roasted biopsy.

Цирроз печени – Классификация

Morphological classification of:

• melkonoduljarnyj (melkouzlovoj) cirrhosis is the diameter 1 mm 3-hosts;
• makronoduljarnyj (SKD) cirrhosis is the diameter of the sites more 3 mm;
• mixed form (various sizes of nodes).
• part-time septal'naja form;

Etiological classification of:

• viral;
• drug;
• alcoholic;
• secondary biliary;
• congenital (gemoxromatoz, gepatolentikuliarnaya degeneration, α1-antitrypsin deficiency, galactosemia, tyrosinosis, Glycogenosis);
• stagnant (If circulatory deficiency);
• metabolic and alimentary (imposition of a female work around anastomosis, obesity, severe diabetes);
• cirrhosis unclear etiology;
• kriptogennyj;
• disease and syndrome of Budd-Chiari syndrome;
• primary biliary;
• Indian child;

Цирроз печени – Действия пациента

With cirrhosis of the liver, it is important to consult a doctor as soon as possible and start treatment.. You should follow a nutritious diet, contains enough protein (1-1.5 g 1 kg body weight), fat (of them 50 % should be of vegetable origin), carbohydrates. Excludes preservatives, chemical additives and toxic ingredients. Diet is modified if you experience complications of portal hypertension.

Treatment of liver cirrhosis

Cirrhosis cannot be cured. In the early stages may slow progression of the disease. When portal hypertension diuretics used, in the case of ascites (ascites) -reduce salt intake. In autoimmune glucocorticoid drugs prescribed violations. To slow the development of viral hepatitis using antiviral therapy. To protect liver cells appoint hepatoprotectors (Silymarin, ursodeoxycholic acid, essential phospholipids etc.). In case of insufficiency of detoxification of the liver plasmapheresis is performed. Apply also preparations, reduce the pressure in the portal Vienna (nitrosorbid, inderal).

In severe forms of possible surgical treatment:

• shunt surgery is creating new ways for blood flow;
• paracentesis-remove accumulated in the abdominal cavity fluid;
• liver transplantation.

Цирроз печени – Осложнения

• accession of infection and development of peritonitis;
• bleeding from esophageal;
• pechenochnaya coma.
• liver cancer;

Prevention of liver cirrhosis

To prevent cirrhosis, it is necessary to abandon alcohol, avoid receiving gepatotoksicskih drugs, timely cure liver pathology.