Deep vein thrombosis – TGV – Tromboflebit

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT; thrombophlebitis)

What is deep vein thrombosis?

Deep vein thrombosis (TGV) – the appearance of a blood clot in the vein, deep in the tissues of the body. Vienna – blood vessels with valves, preventing regurgitation. The blood runs through the veins of the legs and arms at the time of muscle contraction.

Red blood cells and clotting factors can accumulate in the veins. This accumulation leads to the formation of a blood clot. Clots usually occur in the legs, but may also occur in other sites of the body. By increasing the size of the blood clot, it blocks blood flow through the vein.

The causes of deep vein thrombosis

There are several factors, which contribute to the formation of a blood clot:

• Slow blood flow, often due to being in the supine or sitting position for a long period of time;
• Venous stasis, which often leads to:
  • Stillness;
  • Disease;
  • Damage to the valves in the veins or severe pressure on the valve, eg, during pregnancy;
• Damage to blood vessels;
• Problems of blood coagulation, which may arise due to old age or illness;
• Set in the vein catheter.

Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis

Factors, which may increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis include:

• Personal or family history of deep vein thrombosis;
• Hospitalization;
• Sedentary lifestyle;
• Operations, particularly in the bones or joints;
• Medical illness, such as:
  • Varicose veins;
  • Cancer;
  • Heart failure;
  • Heart attack;
  • Inflammatory bowel disease;
  • Blood diseases;
  • Blood poisoning – sepsis;
• Obesity;
• Pregnancy;
• Inherited or natural genetic changes, which may alter the level of protein in the body;
• Medication, such as birth control pills, estrogen therapy or antipsychotic medications.

Deep vein thrombosis – symptoms

Symptoms of DVT occur, where:

• Blood clots prevent the flow of blood in the vein;
• There is a local inflammation;
• The clot breaks off and enters the lungs.

Some patients may not feel any symptoms, until the blood clot moves to the lungs. This condition is called pulmonary embolism.

Symptoms of DVT may include:

• Pain;
• Swelling of limbs;
• Tenderness along the vein, especially near the thigh;
• The heat in the vein occlusion;
• Redness, paleness, or blueness of the skin of the affected limb.

Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and perform a physical examination. Maybe examined veins and blood flow. For this purpose, applied:

• Blood tests;
• Dielectrography;
• Duplex ultrasound of the veins;
• Maybe, You will need to take pictures of veins. This can be done using venography.

Treatment of deep vein thrombosis

Treatment of deep vein thrombosis is directed to:

• Prevention of pulmonary embolism;
• Stop increasing the blood clot;
• Thromboclasis, if possible.

Methods of treatment include deep vein thrombosis:

Maintenance therapy

Treatment may include:

• Rest in bed;
• Lift the affected limb above the heart;
• Wearing compression stockings on the advice of a doctor.

Medications for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis

May be prescribed drugs, blood thinners, to prevent further clots. Medications may be in the form of injections or oral. This method of treatment can be assigned to quite a long time.

The operation for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis

In some cases, the vena cava filter may be placed. Hollow Vienna is the main vein, through which blood from the lower part of the body back to the heart. The filter will prevent of the separated blood clot in the lungs.

Prevention of deep vein thrombosis

General prevention of deep vein thrombosis include:

• Receiving blood thinners;
• Try not to sit for long periods of time. If you're in the car, an airplane or at a computer, try from time to time to get up and move around;
• Do not smoke.

If you go to the hospital, Consult with your doctor about, how to prevent blood clots. Preventive measures may include:

• It is necessary as soon as possible to get out of bed and start walking;
• If you should be in bed:
  • Do the exercises, recommended by the doctor;
  • Change the position of the body at least, every two hours;
• Wear compression stockings to improve venous blood flow;
• Use a special pneumatic device, wrapped around her feet and held her. It helps improve venous blood flow;
• If prescribed by a doctor, you need to take drugs to reduce the formation of blood clots. Also, these drugs can reduce the chance of death due to blood clots.