Preparation of dosage forms from vegetable raw materials

Medicinal plants are rarely used in medicine in kind. Typically, they are prepared from a variety of therapeutic drugs and dosage forms.

The simplest form of the drug is Powders, representing finely ground plant parts (leaves, fruit, roots, rhizome). The dried plant parts are ground in a mortar or a coffee grinder to a powder and in this form is taken orally or used for dusting wounds, ulcers, etc.. d. In general, in medical practice, powders from herbs are rarely used.

The most commonly used herbal raw materials in the form of infusions and decoctions, which are aqueous extracts from medicinal plants. Infusions are usually prepared from the leaves, tsvetkov, stems, decoction of the roots, bark, rhizomes. The plant material is crushed: leaves, flowers - to a particle size of not more than 5 mm, stems, Measles, roots, rhizome - no more 3 mm, fruits and seeds - no more than 0,5 mm. Chopped raw material is placed in an enamel or porcelain vessel, pour water, capped and put in a boiling water bath. Flask was heated for 15 m, broths 30 min with frequent stirring. After heating, the vessel was cooled at room temperature, then filtered, and the residue of raw materials squeeze. Ready hoods bring boiled water to the desired volume. Most plant infusions and decoctions are prepared in a ratio of 1:10 and 1:20, t. it is. one part by weight of the crushed material is prepared ten - twenty pieces of infusion or decoction.

Extracts of some plants are prepared for internal use less concentrated, and the ratio of raw materials for them and the water is 1:30, 1:40 and t. d. Infusions, designed for outdoor use, cook, opposite, more concentrated.

At home infusions and decoctions usually prepared without boiling. To do this, medicinal raw materials pour boiling water, Cover dish tightly closed, covered with a thick cloth and insist for 4-6 hours, then filtered, the residue was drained and filtered.

Infusions and decoctions perishable, especially in the summer or in a warm room. In this regard, it is best to cook them on a daily basis. If this is not always possible, they are stored in a cool dark place or in a refrigerator, but not more 2 d.

Medicinal plants and pharmaceutical factories in specially equipped laboratories prepare tinctures, relating to herbal medicines. Prepare liqueurs 70 % or 40 % alcohol. Chopped plant poured into the vessel, pour alcohol, sealed and incubated at room temperature for 7 days. A week later, brandy drained, well drained and filtered plant remains. Most plant tincture is prepared in a ratio of 1:10.

Alcohol tinctures are suitable for long-term storage. Their use in small amounts and usually dosed drops (10-30 Drops, rarely less or more).

Besides herbal, often prepared from plants novogalenovyh drugs, representing the most purified water from the ballast substances, less alcoholic extracts. They can be used not only inside, but also for injection. Novogalenovyh injections produced in ampoules, to, internal use - in bottles.

Widely used in medical practice fees, or teas - A mixture of dried and powdered herbs, sometimes with the addition of mineral drugs. Because fees are prepared infusions, decoctions and poultices.

From the roots of medicinal plants are prepared ointment. As a basis for the manufacture of ointments take petrolatum, unsalted pork fat "butter or vegetable oil. Ointments, cooked in fat or oil, easily penetrate the skin and exert a profound effect, than petrolatum ointment.

Often with the purpose of treatment used fresh juice plant (both externally, and the inside).