Potassium iodide
When ATH:
S01XA04
Characteristic.
Inorganic iodine compound.
Colorless or white cubic crystal or white crystalline powder bitter-salty taste, without smell. Well absorbed water from humid air. Easily soluble in water (1:0,75), alcohol (1:12), glycerin (1:2,5).
Pharmacological action.
Replenishes iodine deficiency, antitireoidnoe, mucolytic, expectorant, antifungal, resolving, radioprotektivnoe.
Application.
Prevention of iodine deficiency disorders (goiter and others.) in areas with iodine deficiency, incl. children, Adolescents, pregnant and lactating women, prevention of relapse weeks after resection of the thyroid gland;
- Treatment of goiter and other iodine deficiency diseases in children (incl. Newborn), adolescents and adults;
- Hyperthyroidism, preparation for the resection of the thyroid gland, thyrotoxic crisis;
- Difficulty in expectoration (inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, bronchial asthma, pulmonary actinomycosis);
- Preventing the absorption of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland and radiation protection;
- Syphilis (resorption of infiltrates in the Tertiary period) - Auxiliary treatment;
- Ophthalmology: Cataract, corneal opacity and vitreous, hemorrhage of the eye, fungal infections of the cornea and conjunctiva;
- In dentistry: inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands, xerostomia.
Contraindications.
Hypersensitivity for iodine, expressed and hidden (for doses, exceeding 150 mg / day) hyperthyroidism, toxic thyroid adenoma, nodular goiter and other benign tumors of the thyroid gland (for doses, exceeding 300 mg / day, with the exception of pre yodoterapii), dermatitis herpetiformis Duhring, pulmonary tuberculosis, jade, gyemorragichyeskii diatyez, nephrosis, furunculosis, acne, pyoderma.
Restrictions apply.
Pregnancy, lactation.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding.
During pregnancy and lactation is possible to use only in physiological (preventive) doses. Use during pregnancy can lead to inhibition of thyroid function (gipotireozu) and increasing its size in the fetus, and during breastfeeding - the appearance of the rash and decreased thyroid function in newborn (at doses greater than 300 micrograms of iodine a day breastfeeding should be discontinued).
Side effects.
From the digestive tract: nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, gastralgia, diarrhea.
From the nervous system and sensory organs: anxiety, headache.
Allergic reactions: angioedema, haemorrhages on the skin and mucous membranes, swelling of the salivary glands, hives.
Other: changes in thyroid function (hyperthyroidism, gipotireoz), hyperkalemia, Mumps, iodine toxicity (confusion, irregular heartbeat; numbness, pricking, pain or weakness in the hands and soles of the feet; unusual lethargy, weakness or heaviness in legs); yodyzm (prolonged use, especially in high doses): a burning sensation in the mouth or throat, metallic taste in mouth, increased salivation, soreness of teeth and gums, redness of the conjunctiva, swelling of the eyelids, rhinitis, fever, arthralgia, acne, dermatitis (exfoliative et al.), eozinofilija.
Cooperation.
Antithyroid effect reinforce (mutually) antithyroid drugs. Thyroid-stimulating hormone activates the accumulation of iodine by the thyroid gland, perchlorate and potassium thiocyanate - Brake. High doses of iodide in conjunction with potassium-sparing diuretics increase the risk of hyperkalemia and arrhythmias. When concomitantly with ACE inhibitors increase the risk of hyperkalemia, lithium - the risk of occurrence of hypothyroidism and goiter.
Overdose.
Symptoms of acute overdose: staining of the oral mucosa brown, rhinitis, bronchitis, gastroentrit, swelling of the vocal cords, bleeding from the urinary tract, anurija, collapse (until death).
Treatment of acute overdose: gastric lavage with a solution of starch (to the disappearance of the blue color of the solution) and 1% solution of sodium thiosulfate, receiving slurry from flour, kukuruznoho, potato, rice or oat thick broth, symptomatic and supportive therapy.
Dosing and Administration.
Inside, after meal, drinking plenty of fluids. Prevention of goitre: in 1 reception, adults and children 12 years - 100-200 mg / day, infants and children up to 12 years - 50-100 mg / day, prophylaxis is conducted for several years, sometimes - throughout life; Pregnancy and breast-feeding - 150-200 mg / day; prevention of relapse weeks after resection - 100-200 mg / day. Treatment of goiter: adults - 200-600 mg / day, newborn, children and adolescents - 50-200 mg / day, course of treatment - 6-12 months or more (by the decision of the attending physician). As a mucolytic agent: 2-3 tablespoons 1-3% solution (0,3G -1) 3-4 Times daily. Treatment of syphilis in the Tertiary period: by 1 st.lojke 3% solution 3 once a day. As a radioprotective agent: adults and children over 2 years - 0,125 g 1 once a day, Children up to 2 years - 0,04 g 1 once a day.
Hyperthyroidism: inside, by 250 mg 3 once a day.
In ophthalmology: by 2 drops 3% solution (eye drops) 3-4 Times a day as in the conjunctival instillation, course - 10-15 days.
In dentistry: inside, by 1 st.lojke 0.5-2% solution 3 twice a day for 1 Months.
Precautions.
Before treatment is necessary to exclude malignant lesions of the thyroid gland. To use caution in patients with impaired renal function (needs periodic monitoring of potassium in the blood).
