Multicystic kidney disease – treatment of disease. Symptoms and prevention of the disease Polycystic kidneys

Поликистоз почек – что это за болезнь? Multicystic kidney disease (другое название – поликистозная болезнь почек) -a genetic disease, that is the formation of numerous cysts in both kidneys, that gradually grow, causing atrophy of the tissues.

Polycystic kidney disease is often combined with the emergence of cystic formations in the liver, thymus, rarely in the pancreas.

Поликистоз почек – Причины возникновения

Polycystic Kidney Disease refers to diseases, passed by inheritance. If polycystic kidney disease is one of the parents, high probability of its manifestations in all children, regardless of gender.

Localization of the gene affects violations for cystic kidneys (rapid or beneficial for).
Mechanisms of cystic and kistoobrazovanija at the moment not yet defined.

The symptoms of polycystic kidney disease

Long time no renal polycystosis manifests itself. Cysts may be accidentally discovered by ULTRASOUND, While a certain amount of time the patient has no complaints. The first symptoms usually appear in 40-50 years, rarely-in 60-70 years.

Symptoms of advanced cystic:

• Aching pulling pain in the lumbar region on both sides and abdomen
• Hematuria (symptoms may be transient)
• Excessive urination
• Fatigue, generalized weakness, loss of appetite
• Itching
• Increase in blood pressure
• Nausea, violation of the chair

May later develop pyelonephritis, heart rhythm disturbance, chronic renal failure, rupture cyst.

Поликистоз почек – Диагностика

Increased kidney size detected by palpation. At pressing on the area of the kidney patient feels soreness.

For the diagnosis of the disease the patient is assigned the following survey:

• Clinical and biochemical blood analysis
• An overall analysis of urine culture and
• Ultrasound of the kidneys, liver and pelvis
• ECG

Поликистоз почек – Классификация

Depending on the type of inheritance, the main forms of cystic kidney:

• Autosomal recessivnaja (manifested in childhood)
• Autosomal dominantaja (usually begins to occur at 30-40 years)

Поликистоз почек – Действия пациента

If there are genetic predisposition, in childhood and adolescence need to once a 1-2 year to do an ULTRASOUND of the kidneys, lease analyses, Beware: from colds.

When you see the complaints and the deterioration of results patient monitoring is recommended by a doctor-nephrologist. You must pass tests for the timely correction of possible violations.

Treatment of polycystic kidney disease

While not clinically proven efficacy and safety of existing drugs to correct the primary mechanisms of development of polikistoznoj kidney disease. Treatment is aimed at the prevention and treatment of acute illness.

Lifestyle recommendations for patients with kidney disease polikistoznoj:

• Limit salt in their diet, fatty and protein
• Exclusion products, Caffeine-containing (coffee, tea, chocolate etc.)
• Adequate fluid intake
• Smoking cessation
• Waiver of hormonal drugs and medicines, having toxic effects on the kidneys
• Maintaining blood pressure within 120/80 – 130/90 mmHg

Prevention and treatment of complications include:

• Antigipertenzivnuu therapy
• Antibacterial therapy
• Treatment of protein-energy malnutrition
• Treatment of anemia
• Treatment of phosphorus-calcium violations

At a certain stage of illness continued and an integral part of the treatment is the hemodialysis. This procedure is to purify the blood of metabolic products and excess water. Hemodialysis is done on an outpatient basis three times per week on 4-5 hours.

With Terminal renal failure pass 2-3 procedures may result in patient death.

Поликистоз почек – Осложнения

• Chronic renal failure
• Urolithiasis
• Inflammation of the kidneys when attached infection (pyelonephritis)
• Gap or festering cysts
• Hemorrhage in cyst
• Infertility in men

Prevention of polycystic kidney disease

Measures, aimed at preventing complications of the disease:

• Timely treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system
• Renunciation of bad habits (primarily, smoking)
• Periodic kidney ULTRASOUND (once every 1-2 year) and testing of blood and urine
• Exclusion of hypothermia
• Avoid intense physical exertion and psychoemotional loads, delete lesson contact sports (football, boxing, fight)
• Observation of urological, nephrologist
• Limit consumption of salt
• Restriction of meat in the diet (source of protein) and potassium-containing foods (nuts, bananas, spinach, potatoes, dried fruits)
• Heavy drinking (2-3 liter per day), If there is no swelling
• Blood pressure control (to 130/80 mmHg)
• Waiver of coffee and tea.