Snowdrop Voronov – Galanthus woronowii
Herbaceous bulbous perennial plant height of 30-40 cm, families amarillisovыh (Amarillydaceae). It grows in some areas of the West Caucasus. For medical purposes use the bulbs, of which galantamine.
The chemical composition of snowdrop Voronova
Bulbs and aboveground part of the plant contain alkaloids. The most important of them - galantamine. Except him, a plant found galantine, galantamidin, mykoryn. Other chemicals, contained in the plant, practical significance for medicine have.
The pharmacological properties of snowdrop Voronova
Galantamine defines the basic spectrum of pharmacological activity snowdrop Voronova. This refers to a group of alkaloid compounds and anticholinesterase action close fizostigminu.
In contrast, physostigmine (ezerin) galantamine, neostigmine and better penetrate the blood-brain barrier and facilitates the conduction of impulses at synapses in the CNS, strengthening the processes of excitation. Galantamine compared with other means of providing antnholinasteraznymi slower, but long obscherezorbtivnoe action.
Galantamine is a potent inhibitor of cholinesterase enzyme activity, and increases the sensitivity of the neuromuscular system to acetylcholine. In laboratory animals under the influence of galantamine facilitates excitation at neuromuscular synapses and restores conductivity neuromuscular apparatus, Locked diplatsinom, competitive action kurarepodobnymi substance. Galantamine also has a distinct peripheral holniomimeticheskimi M and H holinoliticheskimi properties. Compared with physostigmine formulation is considerably less toxic.
Galantamin, as well as other anticholinesterase drugs, It causes constriction of the pupil and the reduction of intraocular pressure, However, when applied topically mestorazdrazhayuschee marked effect on a temporary swelling of the conjunctiva. Like physostigmine and neostigmine galantamine stimulates the secretion of salivary, mucous and sweat glands, increases contractility of uterine smooth muscle and intestinal peristalsis.
The use of drugs in medicine snowdrop Voronova
The most widely galantamine hydrobromide used in neurological practice, Sometimes it is used in ophthalmic practice.
Galantamine successfully used in regenerative residual period of acute polio and cerebral palsy. Under the influence of galantamine treatment in combination with other drugs significantly improves the general condition of patients, partially or fully recovered motor function. The drug is prescribed for polyneuritis, radikulitah, when motor and sensory disorders, associated with traumatic lesions and diseases of the nervous system, as well as myopathy and myasthenia. The introduction of the drug begin with small doses. Doses are individual, It depends on the patient's age, nature of the disease and the efficacy. Typically, galantamine was well tolerated. However, an overdose and increased individual sensitivity observed salivation, dizziness, slowing heart rate and other symptoms.
Contraindications to the use of galantamine: hyperkinesis, epilepsy, severe disorders of heart rhythm, coronary artery disease, bronchial asthma, hypertonic disease.
Formulations, Dosage and administration of drugs snowdrop Voronova
Galantamina gidroʙromid - White crystalline powder bitter taste, poorly soluble in water. Applied under the skin in the form of an aqueous solution. Single dose for adults 0,0025 g (2,5 mg) to 0,01 g (10 mg), t. it is. 0,25Ml -1 1 % solution. Enter drug 1-2 times a day. Higher doses for adults under the skin: single 0,01 g (10 mg), daily 0,02 g (20 mg).
