Piracetam

When ATH:
N06BX03

Characteristic.

White or almost white crystalline powder. Easily soluble in water, soluble in alcohol.

Pharmacological action.
Nootropic.

Application.

Psychoorganic Disorder, chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency (atherosclerosis, hypertonic disease, vascular parkinsonism), accompanied by memory impairment, attention, speeches, dizziness and headache; dementia (sosudistaya dementia, Alzheimer's disease, senilynaya dementia); ischemic stroke and its consequences, traumatic brain injury, intoxication (comatose state and subkomatoznoe, recovery period); acute viral neuroinfection; nervous system diseases, accompanied by a decrease in intellectual-mental functions, level of consciousness, violation of emotional and volitional and behavior; vestibular nystagmus, dizziness, cortical myoclonus, afazija; epilepsy (as an adjuvant); neurotic depression with a predominance in the clinical picture adinamii, asthenic-hypochondriac and senesto violations, ideomotor phenomena retardation; sluggish, apathetic state; senile atrophic processes; depression, resistant to antidepressants; elimination or prevention somatovegetativnyh, neurological or psychiatric complications of therapy with neuroleptics and other psychotropic drugs; relief of withdrawal, before- and delirious states in alcoholism and drug addiction, acute intoxication with ethanol, morphine, ʙarʙituratami, amfetaminom; psychoorganic syndrome in chronic alcoholism; children - the consequences of perinatal CNS, cerebral palsy, Low learning at psychoorganic syndrome, retardation, mental retardation, speech disorder, memory impairment, intellectual deficiency, encephalasthenia; drepanocytemia (Combination Therapy).

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity to piracetam and pyrrolidone derivatives; hemorrhagic stroke, severe renal insufficiency (Cl creatinine less than 20 ml / min), agitated depression, Huntington's disease, pregnancy, lactation, Children up to age 1 year.

Restrictions apply.

Violation of hemostasis, heavy bleeding, for large surgeries; hyperthyroidism; epilepsy.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Contraindicated in pregnancy, at the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Side effects.

From the nervous system and sensory organs: giperkineziya (>1%), irritability (>1%), drowsiness (<1%), depression (<1%), asthenia (<1%), excitation, violent behavior, somnipathy, dizziness, headache, increased sexual, tremor.

Cardio-vascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): arterïalnaya hypo- or hypertension, aggravation of coronary insufficiency.

From the digestive tract: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.

Metabolism: weight gain (>1%).

For the skin: cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions.

Cooperation.

It enhances the effect of psychostimulants, anticoagulants, central effects of thyroid hormones (tremor, anxiety, irritability, sleep disturbance, confusion). In combination with antipsychotics increases the severity of extrapyramidal disorders.

Overdose.

Symptoms: strengthening of the possible side effects.

Treatment: gastric lavage, Activated carbon, simptomaticheskaya therapy, possible hemodialysis (50-60% efficiency); No antidote cpetsificheskogo.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside, I /, / m. The average daily dose of 30-320 mg / kg, initial dose of 1.2-2.4 g / day, in acute disorders of cerebral circulation, coma, withdrawal syndrome in alcoholism - 9-12 g / day; maintenance - 1,2-4,8 g / day in 2-4 reception. The course of treatment from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months, gradual abolition of. Babies: 30-50 Mg / kg / day, to 5 years - 0.6-0.8 g / day, 5-16 Years - 1.2-1.8 g / day, 8-13 Years (at a reduced learning) - To 3,3 g / day.

When the initial dose of cortical myoclonus 7,2 g / day, increasing the dose 4,8 g / day every 3-4 days to a maximum of 24 g per day; gradual abolition of.

When sickle-cell anemia: 160 mg / kg / day 4 admission.

In patients with kidney failure to reduce the dose: Cl creatinine at 50-79 ml / min - to 2/3 normal dose, 30-49 Ml / min - in 3 times, 20-29 Ml / min - in 6 time. If abnormal liver function dose adjustment is not required.

Precautions.

Be wary of during the drivers of vehicles and people, skills relate to the high concentration of attention.

Cautions.

It penetrates through the filter membrane devices for hemodialysis.

Patients with impaired renal function requires constant monitoring of the level of residual nitrogen and creatinine in the blood. Geriatric patients need to study renal function until the appointment of piracetam.

Piracetam lowers the seizure threshold in epilepsy, that require dose adjustment of anticonvulsants.

In the treatment of cortical myoclonus abrupt withdrawal could trigger the resumption of piracetam attacks.