Pioglitazone

When ATH:
A10BG03

Characteristic.

Pioglitazon hydrochloride is a white crystalline powder and odourless. Soluble in dimethylformamide, slightly soluble in anhydrous ethanol, very slightly soluble in acetone and acetonitrile, practically insoluble in water.

Pharmacological action.
Hypoglycemic.

Application.

Diabetes mellitus type 2, as monotherapy or in combination with a sulfonamide derivative, metformin, or insulin in the absence of effect of diet, and exercise alone one of the above means.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, diabetes mellitus type 1, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe heart failure, liver disease in the acute stage, ALT, exceeds the norm 2,5 times, pregnancy, lactation.

Restrictions apply.

Edematous syndrome, anemia, Age to 18 years (safety and efficacy in this age group of patients not identified).

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Contraindicated in pregnancy.

Category actions result in FDA - C. (The study of reproduction in animals has revealed adverse effects on the fetus, and adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have not held, However, the potential benefits, associated with drugs in pregnant, may justify its use, in spite of the possible risk.)

At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Side effects.

Gipoglikemiâ, headache, sinusitis, myalgia, violation of the integrity of the teeth, pharyngitis, edema (in 4,8% cases when alone and in 15,3% — in combination with insulin), anemia (1-1.6% of a), changes in the level of bilirubin, IS, GOLD, Alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase.

Cooperation.

Sulfonamide derivative, metformin and insulin potentsiruyut (mutually) gipoglikemiû. Possibility of weakening the effectiveness of oral contraception.

Overdose.

Treatment: simptomaticheskaya therapy.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside, 1 once a day, regardless of the meal. Dose picked individually. The initial dose of 15-30 mg, maximum daily - 45 mg / day, When combination therapy is 30 mg / day.

Precautions.

Be wary appoint patients with edema and a moderate increase in liver enzyme levels. The development of hypoglycemia during combination therapy makes it necessary to reduce the dose of insulin or related sulfonamides. In patients with renal insufficiency not require dose adjustments. If you have jaundice treatment is stopped. In patients with anovulatory cycles in the period premenopauznom intake can induce ovulation and increase the risk of pregnancy (Adequate contraceptive measures).

Cautions.

Treatment should be combined with diet and exercise, under the control of glycated hemoglobin.