Pilocarpus peristolistny – Pilocarpus pennatifolius Lever.

Evergreen shrub 2-4 m, families rutovыh (Rutaceae). Homeland plants are Argentina and Brazil. For medical purposes use the leaves of the plant, of which produce medical preparation - Pilocarpine. In the native form of the plant in the medical practice is not used.

The chemical composition of pilocarpus

The leaves contain alkaloids pilocarpus (pilocarpine, pilokarpidin), essential oil, organic acid, chlorophyll and other compounds.

Pharmacological properties pilocarpus

Pilocarpine provides selective peripheral M-cholinomimetic effect, which is manifested in a sharp contraction of the pupil, increase saliva- and sweating, enhancing peristalsis and slowing heart rate. Besides, increases the tone of smooth muscles of the bronchi, bowel, and gall bladder and uterus, and also increases the secretion of bronchial and digestive glands.

Widely used property pilocarpine narrowing of the pupil, cause spasm of accommodation, lowering intraocular pressure and improve nutrition eyes. The effect of lowering intraocular pressure by the action of pilocarpine is most pronounced when pathologically high level of intraocular pressure. Pilocarpine enhances the secretion of gastric juice, However, the practical value of this effect has no, since the drug is already in small doses dramatically increases the secretion of salivary glands and increases mucus in the airways.

Application pilocarpus medicine

Pilocarpine is widely used in ophthalmic practice as a means of, narrowing a pupil, mainly in glaucoma. Very rarely it is used as a diaphoretic. To improve the power pilocarpine eye is prescribed for acute obstruction of the artery retina, vein thrombosis central retina, sometimes with optic nerve atrophy.

Formulations, Dosage and administration of drugs pilocarpus

Pilocarpine hydrochloride (Pilocarpine hydrochloride) available in powder, 1 % and 2 % solutions in bottles, 1 % methyl cellulose solution in vials, 2 % solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in vials, 1 % and 2 % eye ointment.

In ophthalmic practice usually prescribed 1 % or 2 % pilocarpine aqueous solution 2-4 times daily. To enhance and prolong the effect of administered if necessary 5-6 % pilocarpine solution or is used in combination with other drugs. Before going to bed, you can lay for ever and 1-2 % pilocarpic ointment.

When subcompensated and uncompensated glaucoma used pilocarpine prolonged dosage forms (1 % pilocarpine solution with methylcellulose or 2 % pilocarpine solution with sodium carboxymethylcellulose), that 1-2 drops administered 1-3 times per day.

Eye film lay in using pilocarpine eye forceps for lower eyelid 1-2 times a day.

Storage – in a well-closed container, predohranyayushtey action worldwide. The films were stored at a temperature of from +15 to 4-25 ° C.