Acute pancreatitis

Острый панкреатит – острый воспалительный процесс, due to self-digestion of pancreatic tissue.

Typically, the disease caused by any obstacles outflow pancreatic enzymes, leading to edema, bleeding, the formation of an abscess (purulent fusion of necrotic areas).

It occurs in middle-aged and elderly, often in the history of the patients there are indications of alcoholism or cholelithiasis (female). Sometimes the causes of acute pancreatitis are abdominal trauma, circulatory disorders of the body, infection.

Clinical features of acute pancreatitis

Sudden sharp pain of herpes character in the upper abdomen, smack in the back, accompanied by persistent vomiting; possible short-term loss of consciousness. There may be slight yellowness of the skin, bloating and local muscle strain in the left hypochondrium.

Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis

The characteristic pain in conjunction with an increase in serum amylase over 4 regulations; Ultrasonography of the abdomen.

Treatment of acute pancreatitis

Treatment of severe forms of the disease is carried out in a surgical hospital.

Prevention of acute pancreatitis

Excluding alcohol, stressful situations; exercise stress; special diet with reduced fat.

Chronic pancreatitis

Recurrent disease, characterized by structural changes in pancreatic tissue with a gradual development of a functional organ inferiority.

Causes of chronic pancreatitis

Alcohol consumption, genetic predisposition, malnutrition violation dietary regimen, mukovystsydoz, taking certain medicines (aspirin), infectious effects (mumps virus, cytomegalovirus), traumatic organ damage. Chronic pancreatitis may develop on the background of other diseases of the digestive system, especially bile ducts and duodenum.

Clinical features of chronic pancreatitis

Pain in the upper abdomen, in the left upper quadrant, extending to the back, in the lumbar region, medium intensity, worse after eating and physical activity and decreases in the patient sitting with trunk bent forward. The duration of pain attacks from several hours to several days. Painful syndrome is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, a sharp decrease in appetite. Later joined by changes in the intestine in the form of an unstable chair, due to the development of the syndrome of impaired intestinal absorption due to functional disability of the pancreas. Against the background of pain observed weakness, fatigue, emotional instability, headache.

Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis

The characteristic clinical picture, Ultrasound of the digestive tract, allowing to detect the presence of calcifications in the pancreatic tissue, tumor formation, uneven contours and changes in body size; in the biochemical study of blood marked increase in serum amylase.

Treatment of chronic pancreatitis

The basis of the treatment of chronic pancreatitis put 3 principle:

1. Diet low in animal fats. Meals should be frequent and small in volume. In the first 1-3 days of exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis appointed hunger or parenteral nutrition (on indications). Permission receiving alkaline mineral water without gas. Used antacids buffering (maaloks, Gustav, Aluminium phosphate gel).
2. Appointed by the enzyme preparations for correcting exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
3. Reduction of pain syndrome and prevention of complications.

Treatment of patients is advantageously carried out in specialized hospitals. Surgical intervention is justified in detecting focal lesions of pancreatic tissue, such as narrowing of the common pancreatic duct, its obturation stone.

Prevention of chronic pancreatitis

Healthy lifestyle, elimination of bad habits, Rational, invalid food.