Теперь уже и в Германии – после нескольких других стран Европы – выявлен странный вирус оспы обезьян, which is extremely rare outside of Africa. How dangerous is he?
First case of monkeypox found in Germany. The Institute for Microbiology of the Bundeswehr in Munich positively identified the virus in one patient with characteristic skin changes., announced on Friday, 20 May, medical service of the Bundeswehr. До этого в Европе произошло несколько вспышек этого инфекционного заболевания – в том числе в Великобритании, Portugal, Spain, Italy, France and Belgium.
Cases of monkeypox in humans have so far been known mainly in parts of Africa.. current, identified in European countries, as well as in the USA and Canada, variant of the virus is considered West African, causing a milder course of the disease, than the Central African option. Physicians are concerned, how the infection is transmitted. Robert Koch Institute (RKI) already called for increased vigilance.
Monkeypox in humans causes a skin rash with purulent pimples and blisters, which break after a while, and in their place form scabs, occasionally turning into scars, that persist throughout life.
The rash looks different depending on the phase of the disease and may resemble that of chickenpox or syphilis.. After about three to four weeks, the disease subsides.. Только в очень редких случаях – обычно у маленьких детей – она приводит к летальному исходу.
The incubation period for monkeypox is 7 to 21 day, but symptoms usually appear after 10-14 days. Then, in addition to a skin rash, a headache may appear., muscle and back pain, fever, chills, exhaustion of the body and enlarged lymph nodes.
There is no specific therapy or vaccination against this disease.. But doctors think, that vaccination against normal smallpox also protects relatively well against monkeypox. Although the virus of the latter is not directly related to the normal smallpox virus, both types belong to the same genus of viruses. Thus, they are quite similar, for the immune system to respond to infection.
Smallpox, striking a person, has been eradicated from all over the world 1980 thanks to a massive vaccination campaign. But, according to RKI, a significant portion of the world's population is no longer vaccinated against smallpox.
Human-to-human transmission of monkeypox virus requires very close contact. In most cases, the chain of infection is limited to just a few people.. Intensive research is currently underway on, whether the infection is transmitted through contact of the damaged area of u200bu200bthe skin with secretions of smallpox.
About two weeks ago, when monkeypox was first detected in Europe, British health authorities were able to easily trace the origin of the infection., because the patient, apparently, brought a rare virus with him from a trip to Nigeria.
Tracking down the causes of the four recent cases is much more difficult., because infected men have not previously visited Africa and have not been in contact with other sick people. Health officials are now intensively looking for as yet unclear links between cases of diseases., since the monkeypox virus is not easily transmitted between people.
Most cases, which have been reported so far, concern men, having sex with other men. Nevertheless, many British experts definitely point out that, that there is not enough evidence that, that monkeypox in humans is an infection, sexually transmitted.
“Вероятно, too early to draw any conclusions about modes of transmission or speculate, that sexual activity was necessary for infection, пока у нас не будет четких эпидемиологических данных и анализа”, – пояснил Майкл Скиннер, Lecturer in Virology at Imperial College London.
Professor Jimmy Whitworth, Professor of International Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), holds a similar point of view: “Самым вероятным путем распространения в этом скоплении клеток является тесный контакт: touching skin or bedding or sharing utensils. Real transmission (infection. – Ред.) половым путем через генитальные или оральные выделения не должна приниматься на веру”.
Если у вас есть симптомы – немедленно пройдите обследование!
The RKI report says, that monkeypox should also be considered as a possible cause when the nature of the skin changes is unclear, smallpox-like, if the victims have not traveled to certain areas. As indicated in the RKI, men, having sex with other men, должны “немедленно обратиться за медицинской помощью”, if they develop any unusual skin changes.
“Мы настоятельно призываем геев и бисексуальных мужчин, in particular, быть бдительными при возникновении любой необычной кожной сыпи или повреждений и немедленно обращаться в службу сексуального здоровья”, – добавляет директор Агентства по охране здоровья Великобритании (UKHSA) Susan Hopkins.
Monkeypox was first identified in humans in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1970 year. Individual cases of diseases were observed in the countries of Central and West Africa. Generally, However, World Health Organization (WHO) assesses endemic risk as extremely low. Pathogen, monkey pox, probably, circulates among rodents. Monkeys are considered so-called false owners. These may become infected, but the virus is not able to continue to develop in their body.
“Инфекция может передаваться при контакте с выделениями зараженных животных”, – отмечается в отчете RKI. It is transmitted mainly through bites. (eg, protein, rats, primates), communication with animals (eg, pet), contact with the blood and secretions of animals, consumption of animal meat (eg, infected monkey) food, as well as in case of infection by droplet. Thus, it's a classic zoonosis, caused by close contact with infected animals or eating their meat.
This site uses cookies and services to collect technical data from visitors to ensure performance and improve the quality of service.. By continuing to use our site, you automatically agree to the use of these technologies.
Read More