There are neischerchennuyu, or smooth, and striated, or striated, muscle.

Neischerchennaya muscle tissue It consists of smooth muscle spindle cells (miotsitov) with elongated hyperchromatic nucleus and abundant basophilic cytoplasm, stretched on poles of the cell.

In some tissues and organs (uterus, endokard) neischerchennoy muscle fibers are made up of stellate myoepitheliocytes.

Striated muscle tissue It consists of muscle fibers, or mionov, having an elongated spindle-shaped. The fibers are arranged in parallel rows, forming beams. The length of the muscle fibers of different, in some muscles it reaches several centimeters. The structure of the complex CASE, simplasticheskoe. It consists of elongated nuclei and sarcoplasmic, which houses the mitochondria (sarcosome), Plate complex and poorly developed sarcoplasmic network. The contractile apparatus of muscle fibers presented myofibrils, which are transverse striations. In cytological preparations transverse striations are rarely detected, but its detection is always pointing to the affiliation of the morphological element to Mione.

Muscle tumors are benign or malignant.

Tumors, developing from neischerchennoy muscle tissue - leyomyoma (Benign) and leiomyosarcoma; tumor, originating from striated muscle tissue - raʙdomioma (Benign) and raʙdomiosarkoma.

Leiomyosarcoma

Leiomyosarcoma It develops in the retroperitoneal fat, extremities near major blood vessels and other body parts. Age and sex of patients for tumor development do not matter. The disease is extremely malignant, Early there is extensive hematogenous metastases. Recurrence of the tumor after its removal are rare.

Microscopic leiomyosarcoma characterized by a large number of tumor cells extended, fusiform, which can reach large, and sometimes gigantic sizes. In some places there are polymorphic cells. The cell nuclei leiomyosarcoma large, elongated, sometimes ugly shape with rough chromatin structure, hyperchromatic, sometimes vacuolated.

Cytoplasmic dramatically extended by poles of the cell, clearly delineated, painted in pale blue tones. There are huge multi symplast.

Raʙdomiosarkoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma is localized mostly in the thigh muscles, at least - in the muscles of the upper limbs and trunk. The punctate tumor attract the attention of a sharp and polymorphism cell atypia (round, oval, as tennis rackets, symplast, arachnids, remnevidnye). Characterized by the presence of mononuclear and giant cells mnogoyaderiyh, ranging polymorphic among cells of average size and smaller. Cores of larger, especially in giant cells, bizarre, hyperchromatic. The cytoplasm is well contoured, painted in blue tone.

Occasionally in the cytoplasm or remnevidnyh of process cells can detect signs of cross-striations, usually in the form of separate dots or dashes.

The final diagnosis of tumors of the muscle tissue is placed, usually, histologically.