Nespetsificheskiy yazvennыy colitis – treatment of disease. Symptoms and prevention of the disease ulcerative colitis

Неспецифический язвенный колит – что это за болезнь? Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory lesion of the mucosa of the large intestine, having often chronic.

The disease affects population to 0,1% people. Women suffer from this disease at 30% more often than men. More frequent demonstrations of age is young (to 25 years) and older 55 years.

Неспецифический язвенный колит – Причины возникновения

Consensus regarding the etiology of ulcerative colitis (including nonspecific) to date, no. However, the following factors, conducive to the development of diseases of ulcerous colitis:

• · genetic compromise (genetic predisposition);
• infectious factors (viruses, bacteria, activate the immune response);
• food allergies (sensitization of the organism);
• · stress and psycho-emotional stress;
• · dysbiosis (disruption of the intestinal microflora);
• alcohol abuse;
• autoimmune processes.

Symptoms of nonspecific ulcerative colitis

For ulcerative colitis is characterized by undulating course, i.e. recurrent exacerbation, changing years. NSU symptoms vary depending on the intensity process and the localization of lesions in the gut. Common clinical manifestations of ulcerative colitis may be a decreased appetite, generalized weakness, fever (from 37 to 39oS and above depending on the degree of lesion), fatigue, dehydration, drowsiness, gipovitaminozы, pain in muscles and joints.

Local manifestations is spasms (tenesmus), stomach ache, increasing after a bowel movement, frequent false (mandatory) the urge to defecate, violations of the Chair (more frequent diarrhea, liquid stool or alternating with constipation), a large amount of mucus in faecal masses, bleeding from the intestine (the impurities of the blood in the stool). IN 10-20% clinical cases are also manifestations of abenteric (stomatitis, uzlovataya эritema, uveitis, iridocyclitis, gangrenoznaya Pyoderma, Irit, scleritis, arthritis, Spondylitis, sakroileit, osteomalacia, sclerosing cholangitis, vasculitis, osteoporosis, glomerulonephritis, myositis).

Неспецифический язвенный колит – Диагностика

For diagnosis of ulcerative colitis apply following research methods:

• severe conditions (Leukocytosis with palochkojadernym shift, thrombocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate);
• physical examination (increased levels of gamma-globulin, C-reactive protein, circulating immune complexes, Immunoglobulin G, reduction of the level of serum iron, etc.);
• · bacteriological examination of stool (crops)with the definition of pathogenic microflora;
• fecal occult blood test;
• · fecal analysis for worm eggs (to exclude helminthic infestation);
• examination of feces for the presence of helminths and protozoa;
• · colonoscopy (Endoscopic examination of the colon), sigmoidoscopy (Endoscopic study of sigmoid colon and rectum), irrigoscopy (with the introduction of rentgenkontrastnogo substances);
• · histological examination of biopsy specimens (often after a colonoscopy).

Неспецифический язвенный колит – Классификация

According to the character of the flow of the following forms of ulcerative colitis:

• · acute form;
• chronic relapsing form;
• · chronic continuous form (any symptom is present almost constantly, acute disease for many months and even years).

On localization of pathological process distinguish right-angled ulcerative colitis (amazed at the sigmoid colon and the descending obodocnaya), proctitis (mostly rectum), total ulcerative colitis (the entire large intestine).

On the gravity of the current emit light degree (minor manifestations), high severity (persistence of symptoms, bleeding), heavy degree (the emergence of common symptoms and complications).

Неспецифический язвенный колит – Действия пациента

If you experience the above symptoms, including common, We recommend that you consult a specialist. Early diagnosis of the disease improves prognosis.

Treatment of ulcerative colitis

Conservative treatment for ulcerative colitis includes adherence to dietary recommendations and appointment of anti-inflammatory drugs, anticitokinov, immunosuppressants, pain relievers, protivodiarejnyh medicines, hormonal drugs, as well as a multivitamin complexes. The ineffectiveness of drug therapy, heavy flow, the development of complications and frequent flare-ups can be applied surgical treatments (colon resection with anastomosis).

Неспецифический язвенный колит – Осложнения

The most common complications of ulcerative colitis are massive intestinal bleeding, perforation of the intestinal wall, development megakolona (acute toxic colon diljatacii), Intestinal Neoplasms, skin lesions, liver, eye, joints.

Prevention of ulcerative colitis

With the aim of preventing recommended balanced diet with high fiber foods, olive oil (studies showed, that the use of 2-3 Church l. olive oil a day reduces the risk of developing ulcerative colitis on 90%), avoiding alcohol and timely treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.