Undescended testes – Cryptorchidism in children

Undescended tests (Cryptorchidism)

What is cryptorchidism?

Testicles child develops before birth, inside the abdomen. Then the testicles move down into the scrotum. This happens just before the birth. Крипторхизм – это расположение яичек вне мошонки (abdominal or inguinal canal), or incorrect lowering, in which the egg, Coming out of the inguinal canal, changes direction and is located under the skin in the groin, on the hip, in pubic or perineum.

True undescended present at birth. The testicle remains in the abdomen, until an operation to its sinking into the scrotum. Other situations, in which the testes rises into the abdominal cavity include:

• Втягивание яичек – яички могут свободно перемещаться между мошонкой и брюшной полостью. This condition does not require treatment and usually disappears by puberty;
• Поднятие яичка – нормальное яичко поднимается а брюшную полость, usually as a result of slower growth of the spermatic cord.

Causes of cryptorchidism

Undescended testes are often caused by a violation of their development. The causes of these disorders is unclear. It is believed, that may play a role genetic factors. Also there may be some problems with the hormones, that help the eggs develop. Testicles, They can also be injured during pregnancy.

Risk factors for cryptorchidism

Factors, which may increase the risk of cryptorchidism include:

• Prematurity;
• Low birth weight;
• Bigeminal pregnancy;
• Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus;
• Gestational diabetes;
• Prenatal exposure to alcohol;
• Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke;
• Hormonal disorders in the fetus;
• The presence of toxic substances in the mother's body;
• Возраст матери – моложе 20 years;
• A family history of cryptorchidism.

Symptoms of cryptorchidism

Основной симптом крипторхизма – невозможность увидеть или нащупать яичко в мошонке.

Diagnosis of cryptorchidism

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history of the child, and perform a physical examination. The diagnosis is usually made at the time of medical examination. The doctor determines, one or both of the child's testicles are not felt in the scrotum.

The doctor may be necessary to examine the abdominal organs child. For this purpose, applies a laparoscopy.

Treatment for cryptorchidism

Undescended testicles should be treated, because they may increase the risk of certain diseases:

• Бесплодие – яички вырабатывают сперму при более прохладной температуре в мошонке. The temperature inside the body is too high for normal sperm production;
• Testicular cancer;
• Заворот яичка – семенные канатики сильно скручиваются и перекрывают приток крови к яичкам. This can cause serious damage to their;
• Эмоциональное расстройство – когда ребенок подрастает, it can have psychological problems because of their disease.

Treatment includes cryptorchidism:

• Monitoring the condition of the testicles. Some cases of cryptorchidism are themselves;
  • Most children testicles fully lowered to the age of four months;
  • Fully retracts the testicles descend at puberty;
• Hormone therapy using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG);
  • This method of treatment is rarely used;
  • The hormone helps stimulate the development of eggs, and can induce the egg to move into the scrotum;
• Operation, called orchidopexy:
  • The procedure is performed under general anesthesia;
  • Orchiopexy often performed by laparoscopic surgery, using a tiny incision in the area of ​​operations;
  • The egg travels down into the scrotum, and stitched.

Prevention of cryptorchidism

At the moment, there is no way to prevent undescended.