Naltrexone

When ATH:
V03AB30

Characteristic.

White crystalline solid, soluble in water.

Pharmacological action.
Blocking opiate receptors.

Application.

Alcohol addiction (at the consent of the patient and in combination with psychotherapeutic and social methods), Prevention of pharmacological effects of exogenous opioids to maintain clean from opioids in patients with opioid dependence after previously held detoxification (as part of a programme of psychological and vocational rehabilitation).

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity (incl. by nalokson), opioid dependence, a positive test for the presence of opiodov in the urine, abstinence symptom, acute hepatitis, hepatic failure, pregnancy, lactation (at the time of treatment excluded), Children and Youth age (to 18 years).

Side effects.

Decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, stomach ache, abnormal liver function, headache, weakness, somnipathy, anxiety, dizziness, depression, paranoia, hallucinations, redness of the face, bronchoobstruction, weakening potency, chills, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, cough, difficulty breathing, nosebleeds, phlebitis, swelling, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, pain in joints and muscles, hemorrhoids, tremor, acne, alopecia, itch, generalized Erythema.

Cooperation.

Increases (mutually) the risk of liver damage when combined with hepatotoxic drugs. Possible lethargy or increased sleepiness when combined with tioridazinom.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside. Treatment of alcoholism: by 50 mg 1 once a day for 12 Sun.

Therapy addiction begin only after 7-10 days of abstinence from the use of opioids, confirmed provocative test and urine analysis. The initial dose 25 mg, during 1 h should monitor the patient's condition, in the absence of abstinence syndrome is to appoint 50 mg 1 once a day. Alternative regimens:

1. 50 mg each weekday and 100 mg in Saturday;

2. 100 mg a day;

3. 150 mg after 2 day;

4. 100 mg Monday, 100 mg in Wednesday and 150 mg in Friday.

It should be taken into account, that the use of these treatments increases the risk of Hepatotoxicity.

Precautions.

Before applying, you must exclude the sub-clinical liver failure, during treatment should periodically monitor the level transaminaz; cannot be combined with drugs, possessing gepatotoksicskimi properties. To prevent the development of acute withdrawal syndrome patients should at least 7-10 days to stop taking opioids and preparations, they contain, be sure the definition of opioids in urine and holding provocative test with naloxone; failure to follow these requirements, withdrawal syndrome can occur through 5 min after the introduction and continue for 48 no.

Against the background of Naltrexone in case of emergency only analgesia drugs be wary appoint opiates in high dosage (to overcome antagonism), tk. respiratory depression will be more profound and long-lasting.

Should warn patients, what:

-When applying for medical assistance they required to inform health professionals about treatment with naltrexone;

— in the case of abdominal pain, darkening of urine, yellowing skler must stop accepting and consult a physician;

-When you use heroin, etc. drugs in small doses, the effect of their application will not be, and further increase the doses of drugs lead to death (respiratory arrest).

Cooperation