Mepivacaine

When ATH:
N01BB03

Characteristic.

Anesthetic amidnogo types.

Mepiwakaina hydrochloride is a white crystalline powder and odourless. Soluble in water, is resistant to both acid, and to alkaline hydrolysis.

Pharmacological action.
Mestnoanesteziruyuschee.

Application.

Local anesthesia during interventions in the mouth (all types), intubation, ʙronxo- and esophagoscopy, tonsillectomy, etc..

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, incl. to others. amide anesthetics; advanced age, myasthenia gravis, expressed human liver (incl. liver cirrhosis), porphyria.

Restrictions apply.

Pregnancy, lactation.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

When pregnancy is possible, if the effect of therapy outweighs the potential risk to the fetus (can cause narrowing of the uterine artery and fetal hypoxia). Precautions during breastfeeding (no data on the penetration of breast milk).

Side effects.

From the nervous system and sensory organs: stimulation and / or depression, headache, tinnitus, weakness; speech disorder, weight management, of view; convulsions, coma.

Cardio-vascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): gipotenziya (or sometimes hypertension), bradycardia, ventricular arrhythmia, possible cardiac arrest.

Allergic reactions: chikhaniye, hives, prurit, эritema, chills, fever, angioedema.

Other: depression of the respiratory center, nausea, vomiting.

Cooperation.

Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers, antiarrhythmics dampening effect on the conduction and myocardial contractility.

Overdose.

Symptoms: gipotenziya, arrhythmia, increased muscle tone, loss of consciousness, convulsions, gipoksiya, giperkapniя, respiratory and metabolic acidosis, dyspnoea, apnea, cardiac arrest.

Treatment: hyperventilation, maintaining adequate oxygenation, breathing assistance, arresting convulsions and seizures

(nomination tiopentala 50-100 mg in/in or diazepam 5-10 mg in/in), normalization of blood circulation, Correction of acidosis.

Dosing and Administration.

The amount of solution and the total dose of anesthesia depend on the type and nature of the intervention. For injectable administration, 3% mepivacaine solution (the maximum dose for adults - 4,4 mg / kg, but not more 300 mg per visit) or 2% solution in combination with epinephrine (1:80000, 1:100000) or norepinephrine (1:200000) (the maximum dose - 6,6 mg / kg, but not more 400 mg mepiwakaina per visit). The maximum dose of mepivacaine (mg) for children is calculated taking into account the weight of the child.

Precautions.

Be wary appoint patients with hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, hepatic insufficiency, severe renal impairment, aцidozom.

Cautions.

Not recommended for subarachnoid (cerebrospinal) anesthesia.