Kolorektalynыy cancer – Colorectal cancer symptoms, treatment, prevention – Kolorektalьnogo cancer screening

Colorectal cancer occurs most often in women aged 40-60 years. This form of cancer is potentially curable, and its development can be prevented.

Risk factors for colorectal cancer

Predisposing factors: genetic predisposition; most often it occurs on the background of the previous adenomatous polyps, and amid nutritional deficiency of dietary fibers, which contributes to prolonged contact with the mucous membrane of toxic substances and bacterial food nature.

Clinical manifestations of the disease vary depending on the size and location of the tumor. In most cases the cancer is localized in the left parts of the colon, splenic flexure, descending and sigmoid colon.

Symptoms of colorectal cancer

Clinical manifestations. Suddenly there constipation or diarrhea, stomach ache, allocation during defecation blood, mucus. This constipation indicate failure of the left half of the colon, and diarrhea indicate defeat right.

Characterized by general weakness, malaise, dull or cramping in the right or left side of the abdomen, the development of intestinal obstruction. On examination of patients is determined palpable tumor formation in the course of the colon or in the area of ​​the projection of the cecum. Typically the selection of blood, not mixed with feces. When infected or tumor lysis may cause impurities of pus.

Перечисленные выше симптомы колоректального рака особенно привлекают внимание, if they appear in the adult, previously were impaired gut function. Have deployed symptoms in patients with CRC is often unfavorable sign, but sometimes these same symptoms may be due to precancerous diseases, Taki how adenomatoznый polyp.

Diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Diagnostics: digital examination of the rectum, clinical and biochemical blood tests, fecal occult blood, sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy with biopsy of affected areas. Survey of suspected colorectal cancer is required for all patients with rectal bleeding, violation of the chair, severe iron deficiency anemia, fever of unknown origin.

Additional methods of diagnosis of colorectal cancer: Abdominal ultrasound, X-ray of the chest, electrocardiogram, blood type, Rh factor.

Once the tumor is diagnosed, must immediately decide on its operability.

Treatment for colorectal cancer

Treatment. Management of the patient is determined by the location and stage of cancer. Operative therapy, when indicated, It is an indispensable method for radical removal of the tumor, prevention of intestinal obstruction and stop the bleeding.

Appointed symptomatic treatment, held a course of antibiotic therapy. Justified the appointment of chemotherapy.

Forecast: Five-year survival, operated on for colorectal cancer without metastases, reaches 90 % and more.

Prevention of colorectal cancer

Preventive measures: healthy lifestyle, complete balanced diet, Therapeutic exercise. Elderly persons over 56 years of age it is advisable to carry out a diagnostic sigmoidoscopy and indications - colonofibroscopy for early detection of abnormalities.