Cataracts GLAZNE

Description cataract

Катаракта – помутнение хрусталика глаза, which leads to a reduction of. The lens focuses an image on the retina at the back of the eye. In the retina, the image is processed, and then transmitted through the nerves to the brain.

During the development of cataracts often causes glare, reduced vision, contrast and color sensitivity.

The causes of cataracts

Lens consists essentially of water and protein. Protein, forming lens, It consists of a transparent substance, so it can pass through the light. Cataracts arise as a result of protein denaturation, when it formed in the lens opaque clusters. Cataracts do not spread from one eye to another, although most people it develops in both eyes almost simultaneously.

There are several causes of cataracts, including:

• Старение – наиболее распространенная причина;
• Smoking;
• Diabetes;
• Infection;
• Trauma;
• Radiation;
• Receiving adrenocortical hormones for a long time;
• Excessive exposure to the sun;
• Birth defect.

Risk factors for cataracts

Factors, which may cause cataracts, They include:

• Advanced age;
• Exposure to ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation of sunlight;
• The presence of family members with cataracts;
• Diabetes;
• Trauma;
• Smoking.

Symptoms of cataract

In the early stages of cataract vision changes may be imperceptible. Cataracts, usually, It develops slowly and progressively worsening vision. Some people, cataract believe, their vision suddenly improves. But this is only a temporary phenomenon. Since vision loss is gradual, Many people do not understand, that they have a cataract, while it can not be detected during a routine eye examination.

Symptoms include:

• Foggy or blurred vision;
• Problems with light, including:
• Headlights seem too bright at night;
• Glare from lamps or very bright sunlight;
• Halos around lights;
• Decreased sensation of color objects
• Poor vision in twilight.

These symptoms may be signs of other eye problems. If you have any of these symptoms, visit an eye doctor.

Diagnosis of cataracts

The only way to know for sure, есть ли у вас катаракта – пройти обследование глаз. To detect a cataract eye specialist examines the lens. He may appoint other tests, to learn more about the state of the eye.

A comprehensive eye examination usually includes:

• Тест зрения – тест, that lets you know, how well you see at various distances;
• Расширение зрачков – зрачок расширяется с помощью глазных капель, to study the lens and retina;
• Тонометр – стандартный тест для измерения давления внутри глаза. High blood pressure can be a sign of glaucoma.

Cataract Treatment

In the early stages of cataract vision can be improved by the use of glasses, contact lenses or the enhancement of illumination. If these measures do not help, or if vision loss interferes with daily activities, such as driving a car, reading, or watching TV, the only effective treatment is surgery.

Операция по удалению катаракты почти никогда не выполняется экстренно. Thus, In most cases, preparation for cataract surgery will not harm the eyes. Nonetheless, cataracts over time will only worsen.

After removing the cloudy lens, in its place eye surgeon (okulyst) places the IOL (IOL). ИОЛ – прозрачная линза, which requires no maintenance and it becomes a permanent part of the eye.

After cataract surgery, most people need reading glasses (as in myopia), and many people need glasses for, to see distant objects. There is a relatively new multifocal intraocular lenses, that change the focus and allow equally good to see near and far distances without glasses.

Although every surgery has a risk, the majority of patients after cataract surgery improves vision.

If you are diagnosed with cataracts, Follow your doctor's instructions.

Prevention of cataracts

Although there is no way, allows to completely prevent cataracts, This can help the following precautions:

• Quit smoking;
• Take antioxidants, such as vitamins and additives, containing antioxidants;
• Wear a hat and sunglasses, when you are outdoors.

It is also important to regularly undergo a comprehensive eye examination. Since vision problems increase with age, if your age 60 and older, you must pass a comprehensive eye examination once a year.