Chronic pyelonephritis – treatment of disease. Symptoms and prevention of the disease, chronic pyelonephritis

Chronic pyelonephritis – What is this disease? Chronic pyelonephritis is a long-term current infectious-inflammatory disease, tumours affecting the renal system lohanochnuju, their stroma and parenchyma.

This disease is widespread (approximately every second) and ranks second in frequency of occurrence after infections of the respiratory system. Women suffer chronic pyelonephritis in 6-7 times more often than men.

Chronic pyelonephritis – The cause of the

Among the pathogens of chronic pyelonephritis can distinguish intussusception wand (from 30 to 70% cases), klebsiellu, citrobakter, Enterobacter, sinegnanuu wand, Proteus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, aureus, enterococcus. Among the factors, contributing to the development of this disease include the following:

• · Анатомические особенности женского мочеиспускательного канала (short and wide, not preventing infection);
• · Сахарный диабет;
• · Урологические заболевания (uretrit, cystitis, urolithiasis disease);
• · Беспорядочные половые связи;
• · Гинекологические, urological diseases, as well as hormonal disorders;
• · Общее снижение иммунитета, immunodeficiency states;
• · Нарушения уродинамики, noncommunicable jade.
• Symptoms

Clinical manifestations of chronic pyelonephritis can be grouped into separate syndromes:

• · Болевой синдром: pain in the kidneys occurs periodically, different intensity, nojushhego nature, stupid, does not depend on the position of the body;
• · Интоксикационный синдром: asthenia, frequent chills without raising the body temperature, episodes of fever (subfebrilitet) in the evening time;
• · Синдром артериальной гипертензии: occurs in most patients with untreated pyelonephritis;
• · Изменение свойств мочи: pomutnenye, unpleasant smell, discoloration of urine, the emergence of draught;

There may also be swelling, violations urination as nicturia (a large part of urine excreted at night) and pollakiurii (increased urination), anemia.

Recently, the decline in virulence of infectious agents are increasingly cases latent flow, that is difficult to diagnose.

Chronic pyelonephritis – Diagnostics

To diagnose this disease the following laboratory and instrumental methods:

• · Общий клинический анализ мочи (detected nejtrofil'naja pyuria, bacteriuria, reduction of specific weight, increasing the pH of the urine);
• · Анализ мочи по Нечипоренко (leucocyturia);
• · Бактериологическое исследование (seeding) Urine;
• · УЗИ почек (thinning and seal parenchyma, possible asymmetry of the kidneys is affected by reduced, deformation and lohanochnoj ureters extension system, When urinary tract obstruction possible detection of concrements, hydronephrosis);
• · Экскреторная урография (irregular contours, reducing kidney patient, symptom of Hodson-thinning parenchyma at the poles, reduction and lag selection contrast, violation of tone and deformation of lohanochnoj tumours of the kidney system);
• · Радионуклидные методы исследования (scanning with technetium-, isotope renografija);
• · КТ и МРТ (in case of lack of informativeness of previous research methods and tumor is suspected).

Chronic pyelonephritis – Types of disease

The availability of organic causes of secrete:

• · Первично-хронический пиелонефрит (no organic pathology, inflammation occurs in healthy kidney before that, more frequently bilateral);
• · Вторичный же развивается на фоне имеющейся ранее патологии, often unilateral.

On localization of chronic pyelonephritis happens unilateral and bilateral (more).

By place of occurrence of chronic pyelonephritis divided into ambulatory (unsafe) and nosocomial (vnutribol'nichnyj), arising at least, within two days of hospital stay. The second is usually worse than is treatable in connection with sustainability of hospital strains.

On the phases of the inflammatory process emit:

• · Фазу активного воспаления (There are typical clinical symptoms and laboratory deviations);
• · Фазу латентного воспаления (clinical manifestations are missing);
• · Фазу ремиссии (After five years of absence of complications you can talk about recovery).

On the presence of complications of chronic pyelonephritis can be complicated and neoslozhnjonnym (including nosocomial and secondarily-chronic pyelonephritis).

Chronic pyelonephritis – Actions of the patient

In case of detection of the above symptoms should consult a specialist and pass the necessary tests.

Chronic pyelonephritis – Treatment

You can select several principles in the treatment of this disease:

• · Увеличение количества потребляемой жидкости (detoxification and rehabilitation manual), If it is not contraindicated;
• · Антимикробное лечение (furadonin);
• · Могут также назначаться по показаниям антикоагулянты, antispasmodics, dezagregantnye medicines;
• · Фитотерапия в период ремиссии (twice a year);
• · Санаторно-курортное лечение и физиотерапия.

Chronic pyelonephritis – Complications

Complications of chronic pyelonephritis can be acute or chronic renal failure, paranefrit, Necrotizing papillit, urosepsis.

Prevention

It is recommended to prevent timely emptying bladder, normalize the daily fluid intake, avoid overcooling, reduce the frequency of the reception NPVS, abide by the rules of personal hygiene.