Chronic atrophic gastritis – treatment of disease. Symptoms and prevention of diseases of Chronic atrophic gastritis

Хронический атрофический гастрит – что это за болезнь? Chronic atrophic gastritis is a gastritis, in which there is a significant decrease mucous layer of the stomach.

Causes of atrophic chronic gastritis is not fully elucidated. It is believed, to develop this gastritis should initiate damage of gastric mucosa, that can arise when familiar overeating, use sharp or sour dishes, roughage and when exposed to other causes. After the primary mucosal damage caused by hereditary mechanism is triggered autoimmune processes.

Atrophic chronic gastritis is accompanied by a deficiency in the body's immune system. This lack of production of secretory immunoglobulin a. Besides, antibodies to specific cells of the stomach, that produce hydrochloric acid, antibodies to gastromukoproteinu (Newcastle factor) a basic component of the protective barrier of the stomach. The antibodies destroy the cells of the gastric glands. As a result, there is atrophy of the gastric mucosa.

Хронический атрофический гастрит – Причины возникновения

Specific causes of atrophic gastritis medicine set cannot, but indirect risk factors are chronic inflammatory diseases of the stomach, concomitant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as natural unavoidable age-related changes in the body in the elderly.

Хронический атрофический гастрит – Симптомы

Beginning of the atrophic process occurs in those departments of the stomach, where parietal cells. This is the body and the bottom of the stomach. The defeat of these cells leads to a drastic reduction secreta hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, гастромукопротеина – основных ферментов. Who participate in the process of digestion. Gastromukoprotein is responsible for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the stomach. As a result, reduce the amount of vitamin B12 absorption in the stomach is reduced and develops B12-deficient anemia.

Patients with atrophic chronic gastritis complain heaviness in the stomach, overfilling your stomach after eating. Pain in the stomach are much less. After eating occurs burping air, over time, belching appears bitter or a rotten taste. Heartburn occurs. Appetite in the patient gradually decreases and when expressed atrophy of the mucous membrane and decrease of secretory function of the stomach, You may encounter a significant weight reduction. From the patient's bowel bother rumbling, stomach gurgling constipation may occur, smenâûŝijsâ pride. Sometimes after eating can occur weakness, Sweating, dizziness.

With the passage of time is impaired absorption in the stomach and intestines of various nutrients needed by the body. Develops dry skin and impaired vision due to vitamin a deficiency, blanching, due to anemia. Lack of vitamin c can lead to the occurrence of bleeding gums. Intensifies hair loss, become brittle nails.

Хронический атрофический гастрит – Диагностика

The diagnosis of atrophic gastritis set using x-ray (stomach roentgenoscopy), gastroskopicheskogo (fibrogastroduadenoskopija), histological studies. Проводится исследование функционального состояния желудка – зондирование желудка, vnutrizheludochnaja pH-Metry. Assigned immunological blood.

Хронический атрофический гастрит – Виды заболевания

Subatroficheskij gastritis: mucosal atrophy process is in the early stages

Inflammation gastritis: some sites (pockets) susceptible to atrophic changes. Dropping the number of glands and replaced with simple columnar epithelium.

Autoimmune gastritis: genetic disposition, results also autoimmune diseases, such as Addison's Disease, irregularities in the functioning of the thyroid gland, If B12 deficiency anemia.

Multifocal atrophic gastritis with pockets of hyperplasia: dies off a large part of the glands fundal'nogo Division and depleted its mucous. In doing so, the Department processes are more characteristic of antarl'nom hyperplasia. Here giant hypertrophic gastritis develops, called and polipoznym, and verrucose, Hypertrophic when it, Lymphocytic, granulematoznym. But the more common changes in intestinal epithelium, metaplasticheskie type, that is precancerous changes.

Хронический атрофический гастрит – Лечение

Treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis should be individual and be appointed on the basis of the stage of the disease, the State of the secretory function of the stomach.

First of all it is recommended the patient nutrition. During the exacerbation is assigned to a diet with mechanical, thermal and chemical shhazheniem mucosa. The food should be chopped, without coarse fibers, steamed. Hot and cold meals excluded. It is recommended to take food in the form of heat.

Исключаются и раздражающие слизистую желудка продукты – кислые, sharp, Fried, smoked, salty. Not allowed to consume carbonated and alcoholic drinks, digestible carbohydrates (candy, cakes, chocolate), spices, sauces, pickles, canned food. Preference is given to boiled meat and fish, kasham, thick soups on nekrepkom broth, nekislym dairy products, vegetables and fruits boiled. As a drink consumed Kissel, mousses, weak tea, jelly, mineral water, cocoa. Coffee is prohibited.

In the context of strong pain in the stomach area assigned holinoliticaskie preparations (platifillin, gastrocepin, metaцin), antispasmodic drugs (galidor, papaverine, buscopan, but-ESP). For correcting violations of motor function of stomach used reglan, motilium.

If atrophic processes in stomach led to a complete absence of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen, назначается заместительная терапия – натуральный желудочный сок, pepsidil, acidin-pepsin, abomin. Used panzinorm, mezim, eyebrow pencil, pankurmen. Occasionally these medications a patient has to apply for life. Appointed by the vitamin preparations. In case of anemia necessarily apply vitamin B12 and folic acid.

Хронический атрофический гастрит – Осложнения

Atrophic gastritis is a high risk of transformation in gastric cancer.

Хронический атрофический гастрит – Профилактика

Patient is recommended sanatorium treatment in sanatoriums gastroenterological profile.