Giperosmolyarnaya diabeticheskaya coma – Giperosmolyarnaya neatsidoticheskaya coma
Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma (HHNC; Hyperosmolar Coma; Diabetic Nonketotic Coma; Hyperosmolar Nonketotic State)
What is hyperosmolar coma?
Hyperosmolar coma neatsidoticheskaya occurs in people with diabetes. This disorder is life-threatening. If you suspect symptoms gipersmolyarnoy coma should immediately seek medical advice.
Causes gipersmolyarnoy neatsidoticheskoy coma
Hyperosmolar coma is a complication of diabetes – increase in blood glucose level. Also, the level of glucose in the blood can rise due to disease or infection.
The body will try to get rid of excess glucose through the urine. This increases the frequency of urination and the amount of urine output. Unfortunately, This process also flushes out the blood of other substances the body needs, that can lead to seizures, whom, and eventually to death.
Risk Factors gipersmolyarnoy neatsidoticheskoy coma
The probability of occurrence hyperosmolar coma neatsidoticheskoy higher in older people.
Other factors, which can increase the likelihood of hyperosmolar coma neatsidoticheskoy, They include having diabetes and:
- Poor control of blood glucose levels;
- Infection;
- Taking certain medications, diuretics such as, steroids, anticonvulsants or chemotherapy drugs;
- Heart attack;
- Stroke;
- Renal failure;
- Overactive thyroid gland;
- Substance abuse;
- Recent surgery.
Symptoms gipersmolyarnoy neatsidoticheskoy coma
Symptoms, that may arise before hyperosmolar coma may include neatsidoticheskoy:
- Mental confusion;
- Convulsions;
- Frequent urination;
- Nausea or vomiting;
- Dry mouth;
- Thirst;
- Warm, dry skin without sweating;
- High fever;
- Drowsiness;
- Loss of sight;
- Hallucinations;
- Weakness or involuntary movements of one side of the body with or without seizures.
Diagnosis gipersmolyarnoy neatsidoticheskoy coma
If you arrive at the hospital in a hyperosmolar coma neatsidoticheskoy, will track your vital signs. To check the level of glucose and other substances in the blood, the following methods:
- Blood tests – It can also be used to test renal function;
- Urine;
- Isolation of bacterial cultures of urine, blood and sputum.
It may also be performed ECG, to check the electrical activity of the heart.
Giperosmolyarnaya neatsidoticheskaya coma – treatment
Treatment should be performed in the emergency department and / or the intensive care unit at the hospital. Treatment gipersmolyarnoy neatsidoticheskoy coma aimed at restoring normal levels of substances in the blood, including glucose. Treatment may include:
- Introduction of fluids and minerals through a dropper;
- Insulin drip – to monitor the level of glucose in the blood.
Maybe, need additional treatment, eg, antibiotics, if you rise to the coma caused infection.
Prevention gipersmolyarnoy neatsidoticheskoy coma
To prevent hyperosmolar who neatsidoticheskuyu:
- Continually monitor the level of glucose in the blood;
- During the day, drink plenty of fluids;
- Talk to your doctor about, how to control the level of glucose in the blood during the disease.
