Gestatsionnыy diabetes – Diabetes during pregnancy

Gestational Diabetes (Diabetes, Gestational; GDM; Gestational Onset Diabetes Mellitus [Godmo]; Glucose Intolerance During Pregnancy)

What is gestational diabetes?

Glucose is a type of sugar. It is in the food, and produced in the liver. Glucose is the main source of energy for the organism, and passes out of the blood into the cells via the insulin hormone. Upon receipt of glucose into the cell, it is cleaved, releasing energy.

Diabetes is a disease, impairing glucose utilization by the body, and causes its accumulation in the blood, causing hyperglycemia. As a result, the body is not getting enough energy.

Гестационный диабет – тип диабета, which occurs during pregnancy. Glucose, accumulates in the blood, may adversely affect the mother and child.

Гестационный диабет – причины

The exact cause of diabetes during pregnancy is unknown.

Risk factors for gestational diabetes

Factors, that may increase the risk of diabetes during pregnancy include:

• Ожирение и избыточный вес – могут повлиять на способность организма использовать инсулин;
• Gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy;
• Polycyesis (two or more fetal);
• Family history of diabetes;
• Previous generations with more weight baby;
• Age: 25 and older;
• Previous pregnancy with stillbirths or miscarriage, or the presence of too much fluid, surrounding the child during pregnancy.

Besides, hormones, to help the child's development, may affect the production of insulin.

Сахарный диабет при беременности – симптомы

This disease may not cause any symptoms. If there are symptoms, They may include:

• Increased urination;
• Thirst;
• Hunger;
• Weakness;
• Vaginal or urinary tract infections.

Diagnosis of gestational diabetes

As part of prenatal screening doctor check for gestational diabetes. If you have no history of diabetes, the test will be held on 24-28 week of pregnancy. The doctor will give you a special glucose solution to drink. Then it will measure the level of glucose in the blood. There may be used other tests, which require some time not to eat or drink liquids. If the doctor suspects a high risk of gestational diabetes, or detect its symptoms, it will test the earlier stages of pregnancy.

Treatment for gestational diabetes

The goal of treatment is to return blood glucose levels to normal. Methods of treatment of diabetes during pregnancy may include:

Diet for gestational diabetes pregnant

A dietitian can help you develop a healthy eating plan. Some of his rules include:

• Eat a balanced diet. Do not skip meals;
• Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables and foods high in fiber;
• Limit the amount of fat consumed;
• Avoid foods with high sugar content (eg, sweet drinks, candy, biscuits);
• Dinner should contain protein and complex carbohydrates (eg, pulse, potatoes, corn, rice);
• Keep a record of your diet, to show these records and doctor, of necessity, make adjustments.

Avoid during pregnancy does not gain excess weight, because it can cause complications. It is also difficult control of diabetes.

Exercises

Physical activity will accelerate the absorption of glucose by the body. Maybe, at employment need to take some precautions, or exclude certain exercises. Please consult with your doctor.

Testing blood sugar levels

Glucose monitoring helps you know the level of glucose in the blood during the day. For information about the level of glucose can help you plan your meals, events and medication. Record results, to show them to the doctor during the examination.

Medications for the treatment of gestational diabetes

Maybe, you have to inject themselves with insulin to control diabetes. For some pregnant women it is recommended to take oral medication, such as:

• Metformin;
• Glibenclamide.

After delivery, glucose levels return to normal. The doctor will check the level of glucose, To make sure, you no longer have diabetes.

Гестационный диабет – профилактика

To prevent gestational diabetes:

• Do not type overweight;
• Eat a healthy diet;
• Exercise regularly. Please consult with your doctor.