Gastroenteritis – what is this, symptoms, diagnostics, treatment and prevention of gastroenteritis

Гастроэнтерит – что это за заболевание? Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of mucous membranes stomach and small bowel.

Gastroenteritis: the cause of the

Evolving from the gastrointestinal tract bacteria, viruses or food toxins. Also causes inflammation can be autoimmune processes, helminthic infestation, allergic reactions. The disease is acute and chronic form. Contributes to the development of drinking adulterated products gastroenteritis, pathology of digestive system, failure to comply with hygiene.

Gastroenteritis: symptoms of gastroenteritis

The most common symptoms of gastroenteritis are vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. The Chair normally liquid, It can be detected by slime, streaks of blood, other irregular impurity. Possible increase in body temperature to 37-38° c, deterioration of the general condition, headache, weakness. In severe forms of gastroenteritis stools can reach 15 once a day, that is fraught with severe dehydration.

Gastroenteritis: diagnosis of gastroenteritis

Diagnosis is based on the classic picture, data on the use of substandard food on the eve of, or contact with a sick person. Can optionally use sowing the vomit or faecal masses, ultrasound examination of abdominal cavity organs, jezofagogastroduodenoskopiju. Be sure to conduct clinical research (blood test, Urine, coprogram).

Gastroenteritis: types of disease

• Bacterial gastroenteritis: pathogens-salmonella (incl. causing typhoid fever, paratifы), Vibrio cholera, dizenterinaya wand, Escherichia coli;
• The defeat of the gastrointestinal tract, caused by protozoa (giardiasis, ameʙiaz, balantidiasis).
• Viral gastroenteritis: pathogens can be adenovirus, rotavirus, influenza virus, enterovirus, etc.);
• Toxic gastroenteritis: poisoning is developing various chemical compounds (arsenic compounds, sulemoj, Poisons, contained in some mushrooms, such as amanita phalloides, false mushrooms, Fly agarics. Toxic defeat stomach and intestines may be due to the consumption of burbot, liver Pike, mackerel caviar, as well as some stone fruits.
• Alimentary acute gastroenteritis: the cause may be excessive intake of roughage, spicy dishes, spirits.
• Medicinal gastroenteritis: may be a manifestation of hypersensitivity to drugs of iodine, bromine, certain antibiotics, sulfanilamidam.
• Allergic gastroenteritis: due to intolerance to certain foods (wild strawberry, eggs, crabs, etc.).

Gastroenteritis: patient actions

When symptoms of gastroenteritis should stop eating foods, that could provoke disorder. In the first hours of the disease better drink sorbents. In view of the significant loss of fluids and electrolytes should drink plenty of fluids (best mineral water or special saline solutions). You want to exclude from the diet smoked, canned food, seasonings, fatty foods. Eat eat (small portions). Recommended soups, porridge, pureed vegetables. If symptoms persist for more than 24 hours or the patient's condition worsens, seek medical advice.

Gastroenteritis: treatment of gastroenteritis

If severe dehydration, When there is not enough oral rehydration, Perhaps intravenous fluids (glucose 5%, saline solution, reopoligliukin). Infusion therapy is also an indication when expressed intoksikacionnom syndrome, which can be observed in gastroenteritis. Often patients with gastroenteritis identify symptoms of beriberi, Therefore, apply vitaminoterapiju. Patients in an outpatient setting it is recommended to use a multivitamin complexes. To restore the affected the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines appoint overlying and astringents (bismuth preparations). For the same purpose, it is possible to use drugs based on vegetable raw materials (tansy, St. John's wort, serpentine herb). Also effective in treating gastroenteritis physiotherapy. Patients prescribed paraffin baths, warm compresses, induktotermiju, mineral wax. If gastroenteritis often disturbed normal intestinal microflora composition, Therefore, appropriate intake of eubiotics. In some cases apply antibacterial drugs.

Gastroenteritis: complications

In severe forms of acute gastroenteritis are possible fever, severe dehydration, until the development of circulatory failure and anurii, that can threaten a patient's life.

Gastroenteritis: prevention

For the prevention of gastroenteritis should wash hands frequently, especially after public transport and going to the toilet, be food sufficient thermal processing, monitor the quality of food, limit contact with sick people.