Epithelial tumors

Benign tumors

Adenoma - Tumor, consisting of glandular epithelium and connective tissue stroma. The cells retain resemblance to adenoma cells in original tissue morphology, and in functionally. So, cell adenoma of the thyroid gland rich colloid, Adrenal - cholesterol, etc.. d. Aden mucosa, protruding above the surface (exophytic growth) and having a broad or narrow base (on the leg), called adenomatous polyps.

There are several types of adenoma, one of them is parvilocular cyst, vesicles consisting of ferriferous, most of which are filled with serous, mucous or colloidal liquid. Bubbles can stretch to larger sizes, with the result that there are huge tumor. The epithelium of these tumors prismatic, Sometimes transition.

Papillate (papillary) adenoma - Tumor, at which the glandular epithelium of the lumen invades papillae cancer or cystic cavities. In some cases, epithelial buds sprout capsule and provided on the surface of tumor. Such tumors can become malignant.

For benign tumors are also fibroadenoma (adenofibroma) and a papilloma.

Fibroadenoma - Adenoma of the proliferating connective tissue stroma.

Papilloma It consists of cells of the glandular epithelium and the burgeoning expressed connective tissue stroma. The tumor has many buds, protruding above the surface of the epithelium (a cauliflower or raspberries), located on the stem of varying width. Prismatic (or transition) Epithelial cells are arranged in regular rows, stroma do not germinate. Papilloma localized to the skin and mucous membranes, it is possible malignant transformation.

Malignant tumors

Cancer is a tumor, develop from the epithelium. It is characterized by all the signs of cellular polymorphism and randomly distributed epithelial elements. The degree of cell anaplasia cancer varies: there are forms of cancer with more or less completely differentiated or undifferentiated (anaplastic) cells.

Histologically, cancer consists of parenchyma (cancer cells) and stroma.

There are differentiated, Mixed and undifferentiated carcinoma.

Differentiated cancer their structure resembles a fabric, from which the tumor develops, and cells, substrate components of the tumor, morphologically similar to corresponding epithelial. Depending on the substrate tumors secrete:

• Ploskokletochnыy cancer;
• Transitional cell carcinoma;
• Adenocarcinoma;
• Other forms of cancer.

Nedifferentsirovannыy cancer characterized by cellular elements, Morphological identification with which any missing epithelium. This small cell, macrocellular, solid, medullary cancer, and fibrotic, or scirrhoma.

For mixed cancer is a combination of one two or three tumor histological forms: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma or small cell lung cancer and adenokartsiomy etc.. d.

Under carcinoma in situ (carcinoma in situ) It refers to cancer, is in the development phase neinfiltriruyuschey. Cytologically distinguish carcinoma in situ cancer from infiltrating not possible.