Epidermofitia and rubromikoz
Epidermofitia
Epidermofitia is a pathological process, located in large folds and called the inguinal jepidermofitonom. Refers to the most common fungal diseases. Particularly often epidermofitia detected in humans, forced to wear warm shoes (boots, boots), serving baths, swimming pools etc.
Exciter was opened in 1905 g. A. Castellani, who named it red jepidermofitonom (now it is more often referred to as rubrofitonom). IN 1914 g. M. Kaufman-Wolf identified another mushroom, hitting the soles of, who was named her name.
Jepidermofiton, as rubrofiton, extremely resistant to various external influences Wednesday: tolerates cold, heat, long in humid Wednesday. It retains its pathogenic properties for a long time on Earth, on the floor in the showers and baths, carpets, clothing.
Infected jepidermofitiej most often when using common washcloth, towel. Cases of infection through someone else's underwear, bedpans, thermometers. Sick men. On the skin of inguinal folds, sometimes under the breast glands, in the mezhjagodichnoj field will appear reddish-brown spots with clear rim, rising above the level of the surrounding skin, moderately flaking, with a penchant for slow perifericheskomu growth. The process may spread to surrounding skin (inner thighs, perineum, buttocks). Patient worries 3 weak itching, especially with abundant sweating.
Gradually the skin in the center of the stain becomes normal coloring, then growth spots stops. Sometimes multiple lesions occur simultaneously, that then merge, forming fanciful shapes, resembling the shape of continents on the map.
Diagnose inguinal jepidermofitiju can only the doctor with the help of laboratory Diagnostics.
Prevention of athlete's
Prevention is the hygiene of the skin, careful (dryness) the draining of the crease after washing and bathing. If stains should immediately consult a doctor.
Extremely unpleasant and difficult to treat leaking epidermofitia nails, more often I and V toes. Initially is amazed the free edge of the nail, which thickens, acquires a yellow coloring, it becomes brittle, Matt; on the surface of the nail appear stripes and spots. In the further process progresses. Under the nail are formed kroshashhiesja mass, containing large quantities of mushrooms. As a result of the nail plate thins and rejected. Jepidermofitiej fingernails not amazed.
Treat jepidermofitiju nail very difficult. Nail disease you need to immediately consult your doctor-mikologu.
Most often affects the jepidermofitiej foot. Usually ill miners, metallurgists, employees of pools, baths, athletes and others.
Forms epidermofitia and course of illness
There are several clinical varieties epidermofitia feet. From an epidemiological point of view the most dangerous erased form epidermofitia feet, almost not causing patient anxiety. It is a small skin desquamation mejpaltsevykh folds stop, sometimes surface cracks, almost painless, but coupled with moderate itching. Periodically, the manifestations of the disease are reduced, and then again amplified. This condition can last for years, and the patient does not pay attention to it, considering, that described the signs associated with increased sweating feet, that is often really is the cause of athlete's. Later erased form can turn into more severe, foremost intertriginoznoj (mezhpal'cevoj). Most often affects the creases between the V and IV and IV and III toes, so exactly how those fingers in the shoe pressed to each other, that promotes sweating and loosening of the surface layer of the skin (oprelostjam). Razryhlennyj, white surface layer rejected, exposing wet red surface (erosion). Deep cracks are formed (fingers "trimmed" at the base of the), which often become infected with, accompanied by inflammatory phenomena, strong itching and soreness. Sometimes the process of with mejpaltsevykh folds apply to skin with fingertips Plantar area of the grounds, and sometimes on the back surface of the fingers.
The most heavily leaking disgidrotical (bubble) form epidermofitia feet. First set foot several bubbles with transparent, then muddy, When you attach a blotchy infection pus. The bubbles coalesce into bigger pockets, arise sharp soreness and expressed by inflammatory phenomena. Feet and ankles swelled even, movement in the joints of the foot are limited to. In acute disgidroticescoy epidermofitia patient loses the ability to work.
In some cases, increasing and inflamed groin and femoral lymph nodes, movement in the hip joint becomes painful. Such patients need to be hospitalized.
Often the athlete's or rubromikozu, complicated festering sores infection, joins Erysipelas.
Besides these varieties there is flaky epidermofitia feet with marked thickening and desquamation of the corneal layer of the skin. Inflammatory phenomenon are expressed usually slightly, no discomfort does not occur. However, in respect of this kind of epidemic the most dangerous right, that little worried sick, and hence, It does not refer to the doctor and is a vector of infection.
Some varieties of athlete's, increasingly intertriginoznaja and disgidrotical, can be combined: in such cases the disease especially hard.
It should be noted one paradoxical phenomenon. When epidermofitia feet, even erased its form, often the so-called jepidermofitidy-allergic rashes on hands, trunk and other skin areas. As the process at the feet of these phenomena may be missing. This leads to, that doctor examines the patient's legs, the patient attaches the value small flaking in mejpaltsevykh folds and mild itching. In such cases, the diagnosis is wrong and the treatment effect does not give. Meanwhile, make the disappearance of rashes without treatment stop in such cases cannot be.
Rubrofitia
Where once almost all fungal diseases of the feet are called jepidermofitonom, It is now more associated with red trihofitonom (rubrofitonom). Red he called because, that when crops on nourishing the colony grow Wednesday Red; invokes it does not jepidermofitiju, and rubrofitiju, characterized by a number of features.
Rubrofitiej are more likely to get sick people with dry skin, with a variety of disorders of the endocrine glands activity (diabetes, Basedow's disease, etc.), with some neuro-vascular diseases.
Distinguish rubrofitiju stop, feet and hands, nails and generalized activity form.
Most often affects the foot, often toe folds, Unlike epidermofitia, not only between the V and IV, IV and III fingers. The skin on these sites, as well as on the soles dry, slightly reddened; the soles visible folds, which due to melkootrubevidnogo matter how pripudreny peeling. Nails are usually amazed later, Although in some cases the disease begins with them. Often in conjunction with the feet and hands are amazed; leather on them about the same: dry, reddish, skin fold underlined, How would pripudreny.
Initially affects the free edge or side of the nail. Nail plate thicken, lose the peculiar luster, become frosted, rough, brittle. Under the fingernail are dense masses, lift the nail plate, sometimes contributing to its rejection. While the remains of the nail plate is stored only in the nail root.
With the long-term course and left untreated can become generalised rubrofitia limited, which is a very difficult, hardly curable disease. The process is distributed throughout the body; the skin reddens, it appear different sizes and shapes of flaking, itchy spots. Then they blend, forming fanciful shapes, rings, ARC. Vesicles are usually no.
The most intensely expressed inflammatory phenomenon and itching rash during localization in mezh'jagodichnoj fold and under the breast glands.
When generalized rubrofitia should be investigated under the microscope vellus hair. The diagnosis is confirmed with the detection of fungus.
Treatment rubrofitia
To treat rubrofitia prescribed ointments, griseofulvin, various health funds. Especially difficult to treat generalized activity rubrofitiju and rubrofitiju nails. The latter often have to remove surgically or by softening.
Prevention rubrofitia
In relation to the high incidence of warn mikozy feet very hard.
To identify patients carry out massive inspections. Because, that adults get sick more often stop Mycosis, to interrogate them in the first place. Mikozy feet strike mainly employees of the baths, swimming pools, Working hot shops, athletes (swimmers, rowers, involved in jumping into the water, water skiing) and etc.
First of all it is necessary to observe the elementary rules of hygiene-wash my feet need daily before bedtime, especially in the summer, frequently change socks (preferably cotton).
Especially carefully it is necessary to comply with the hygiene rules in the family, where there is a sick athlete's. Each family member should have an individual home shoes (slippers), use a separate towel, SOAP, washcloth, sponge. It is strictly forbidden to walk around the room barefoot. People, living in halls of residence, often use someone else's shoes, stockings, socks; This is extremely dangerous.
Become infected with athlete's feet can be in the sauna, on the beach. Before washing the bench, in the same way as the floor around her, Taz, you need to carefully wash and Parboil. Do not walk barefoot. In the shower better go in rubber slippers. Coming home from Bani, basin, Beach, It is advisable to wash the feet of any disinfectant solution (2% boric acid, 1% solution of resorcinol) either grease toe pleats and soles 1% alcoholic or aqueous solution of iodine.
Especially important is prevention of athlete's in industrial enterprises, in mines, in agriculture. When building a shower, wardrobe, wash basins must include devices for foot shower.
Stop at different strains, in particular, flat feet, you need to follow the correct position of the foot in the shoe to avoid being crushed, scuff; serve this purpose special, produced custom-made insoles. Various minor injuries, cracks, the scuff must immediately handle relevant solutions or ointments.
To strengthen the skin's immunity to stop disease-causing fungi, apply artificial UV rays (quartz) either the natural solar radiation. Leaving the city, at the resort, on vacation, expose the foot sunlight. This can be done on the balcony of the apartment, and in the yard, If you live in your own home. To prevent Mycosis stop important struggle with sweating. Moist skin stop, especially mejpaltsevykh folds favors formation of microtrauma (cracks, scuffs), who are the gateway for mushrooms, causing mycosis. To avoid this, you should wash your feet daily and regularly change their socks.
To reduce the sweating feet need daily, within 4-5 days to wipe their formidronom,2-3% solution of formalin, 2% solution of salicyl alcohol, Special deodorants.
Stop sweating should be distinguished from common increased sweating (axillary pits, Brushes, person), reflecting the particular violation of the nervous regulation (vegetonevroze).
From folk remedies with Hyperhidrosis of feet can recommend foot baths with oak bark decoction, 0,25% solution of copper sulphate, liquid ammonia (15-20 g for 2-3 liters of water).
Undesirable, especially in the summer time, wear rubber-soled shoes. Good aeration provide footwear with leather and kozhimitovoj soles, cotton socks, socks made of natural fabric.
At the industrial enterprises should be public prevention Mycosis of feet. You must provide a working individual safety shoes, periodically to expose its disinfection. Footwear should be stored in individual, lockable, Special cabinets in wardrobe premises.
Is there an easy way to disinfect shoes at home. To this end, the inner surface of the shoe rubs wool, moistened 10% formalin solution. Then put on the shoes 2 h in plastic bag or tightly obvertyvajut paper, then extract, dried and air.
The enterprises must be strict control over cleaning the dressing rooms and showers. The same control is necessary in baths n swimming pools. The floor must be covered with a rubber or plastic rugs, that is easy to disinfect. It is very important to ensure a good water flow from shower.
It is recommended that you wear special rubber slippers (shoes), and when exiting the shower to wash their feet and slippers with hot water.
