Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
Что такое атопический дерматит у взрослых – описание?
Eczema, also known as Atopic Dermatitis, is a chronic inflammation of the outer skin layer.
Eczema causes
The exact cause of eczema is unknown. Factors, that can lead to eczema on skin include:
- Genetic predisposition;
- Wednesday habitats;
- Allergy.
Risk factors for eczema
Eczema is most common among people of African or Asian descent.
Factors, that increase the risk of eczema in adults include:
- Asthma or hay fever;
- Accommodation in urban areas or areas with low humidity;
- A family history of eczema or allergic diseases;
- Exposure to certain tissues, perfumes in soaps, dust mites (common cause of eczema) or food;
- Stress, especially if this causes scratches;
- Use rubber gloves persons, sensitive to LaTeX;
- Scratching or rubbing of skin;
- Receiving immunosuppressant.
Eczema symptoms
Symptoms of eczema vary for different people. Scratching and rubbing can cause or aggravate eczema spread some of her symptoms. Symptoms of eczema include:
- Dry, itching;
- Crack behind the ears or other skin folds;
- Red rash on the cheeks, hands and feet;
- Ruddy, cheshuychataya skin;
- Thickening of the skin;
- Small, raised bumps on the skin;
- Brown, exudate (exudation) or cracking of the skin;
- Symptoms of eczema get worse in winter, When indoor air is dry due to heating.
Eczema diagnosis
The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and performs a physical exam. Diagnosis is based on the appearance and location of the rash. Пациента могут направить для дальнейшего обследования к другим специалистам – дерматологу или аллергологу. A dermatologist specializes in skin diseases, аллерголог – на аллергии.
Экзема лечение – Атопический дерматит лечение
The main goals of eczema treatment are:
- Skin treatment and keeping it healthy;
- Termination of scratching a developer's or rubbing of the skin;
- Avoid skin infections;
- Prevention of eczema outbreaks;
- Identifying and avoiding triggers, causing the appearance of a rash.
Eczema treatment options may vary. A doctor may recommend one or more methods, depending on the condition of the patient. Eczema treatment methods include:
Skin care for eczema
The correct skin care will accelerate its healing. For a speedy recovery:
- Avoid very hot water and long receptions baths or showers. Try to take a shower and bathtub for less than 15 minutes;
- Use soft, unscented soap, or nemyl′nye cleaners;
- After bathing or water must be obsušit′sâ and skin moisturizer;
- It is necessary to treat skin infections immediately after their discovery.
Cures for eczema
In some cases, to treat eczema should take medications, which may include:
- Creams and ointments, containing cortisone, tacrolimus, or pimecrolimus;
- Antihistamines, to prevent itching skin;
- Антибиотики – наносятся непосредственно на кожу или принимаются перорально. Used to treat infections;
- Other medications, such as prednisone or ciclosporin, in severe cases.
Phototherapy in the treatment of eczema
If skin care and medication is ineffective in the treatment of eczema, the doctor may prescribe therapy. It may include:
- Ultraviolet A treatment and 5-methoxypsoralen (PUVA);
- Фотоферез – в тяжелых случаях экземы.
Prevention of eczema in adults
Eczema in adults is difficult to prevent, especially in the case of family histories.