Tsefazolyn
When ATH:
J01DB04
Characteristic.
Semisynthetic antibiotic of cephalosporin group I generation for parenteral use.
Used in the form of sodium salt, is crystalline powder white or yellowish white, with a bitter salty taste; easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol and ethanol, practically insoluble in benzene, acetone, xloroforme. Molecular weight 476,5.
Pharmacological action.
Broad-spectrum antibacterial, bactericide.
Application.
Infectious-inflammatory diseases, caused by susceptible microorganisms: infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, ENT (incl. otitis media), infections of the urinary and biliary tract, pelvic (incl. gonorrhea), skin and soft tissue, bone and joints (incl. osteomyelitis), endokardit, sepsis, peritonitis, mastitis, Wound, burns and postoperative infections, syphilis. Prevention of surgical infections in pre-- and postoperative.
Contraindications.
Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and other beta-lactam antibiotics, Children up to age 1 Months (efficacy and safety have not been established).
Restrictions apply.
Renal failure, bowel disease (incl. a history of colitis).
Pregnancy and breast-feeding.
When pregnancy is prescribed only for health (adequate and well-controlled studies have been conducted), If necessary, use during lactation stop breastfeeding (cefazolin passes into breast milk).
Side effects.
Allergic reactions: hyperthermia, skin rash, hives, itching, bronchospasm, eozinofilija, angioedema, arthralgia, anaphylactic shock, erythema multiforme, malignant exudative erythema (Syndrome Stevens - Johnson).
From the nervous system: convulsions.
With the genitourinary system: in patients with kidney disease in the treatment of large doses (6 g / day) - Renal dysfunction (In these cases, reduce the dose).
From the digestive tract: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, transient increase in liver transaminases (IS, GOLD), Alkaline phosphatase, LDH; rarely, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis.
From the side of hematopoiesis: leukopenia, neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia / thrombocytosis, gemoliticheskaya anemia.
Long-term treatment: dysbiosis, superimposed infection, caused by antibiotic-resistant strains, kandidamikoz (incl. thrush).
Other: giperkreatininemiя, increase in PV; injection site reactions: When the/m introduction is soreness at the injection; with a / in the introduction - phlebitis.
Cooperation.
Not recommended for use in conjunction with anticoagulants and diuretics, incl. furosemid, ethacrynic acid (while the use of loop diuretics is the blockade tubular secretion of cefazolin).
There synergies antibacterial action when combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics. Aminoglycosides increase the risk of kidney damage. Pharmaceutical incompatible with aminoglycosides (mutual inactivation).
PM, block tubular secretion, slows down, increase the concentration in blood and increase the risk of toxic reactions.
Dosing and Administration.
/ M, I / (drip or stream). The dosage regimen and duration of treatment are determined individually taking into account the indications, severity of infection, susceptibility. Average daily intake for adults is 1-4, 2011 (The maximum daily dose - 6 g), the frequency is 2-3 times a day (up to 3-4 times / day). To prevent postoperative infectious complications-in/ 1 g for 0.5-1 hours prior to surgery, 0,5-1 G during operation, 0.5-1 g every 8 h during the first day after surgery. The average duration of treatment is 7-10 days. Average daily intake for children is determined by calculating 20-50 mg/kg/day, in severe cases - up 100 mg / kg / day. In case of violation of renal excretory function mode set based on creatinine clearance.
Precautions.
Patients, with a history of allergic reaction to penicillin, carbapenems, may be sensitive to cephalosporin antibiotics.
During treatment with cefazolin is possible to obtain positive (direct and indirect) Coombs test and false positive reaction on urine glucose.
