Caffeine

When ATH:
N06BC01

Characteristic.

Alkaloid, contained in tea leaves (about 2%), Coffee seeds (1–2%), WALNUT car. White silky needle crystals or a white crystalline powder bitter taste, without smell. Slowly soluble in water, easy-in hot, it is difficult - in alcohol. Solutions are neutral reaction.

Pharmacological action.
Psychogogic, analeptic, cardiotonic.

Application.

Disease, accompanied by CNS depression, the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (incl. Drug Poisoning, infectious diseases), cerebral vasospasms (incl. migraine), reduced mental and physical performance, drowsiness, enuresis in children, respiratory disorders (periodic breathing, idiopathic apnea) in newborn (incl. Premature).

Contraindications.

Severe hypertension, organic diseases of the cardiovascular system (incl. atherosclerosis), hypererethism, glaucoma, sleep disorders, senium.

Side effects.

Anxiety, excitation, insomnia, tachycardia, Arrhythmia, increased blood pressure, nausea, vomiting. Prolonged use may faint addictive (reduction of caffeine due to the formation in the brain cells of new adenosine receptor). The sudden cessation of caffeine can lead to increased inhibition of the CNS with signs of fatigue, sleepiness and depression.

Cooperation.

It reduces the effect of sleeping pills and drugs, increases (improving bioavailability) - acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, and other analgesics nenarkotičeskih. Improves absorption of ergotamine in the digestive tract.

Overdose.

When caffeine abuse (more 300 mg per day, ie. four cups of organic coffee 150 ml) can cause an alarm condition, anxiety, tremor, Headache, confusion, cardiac arrhythmia. Newborns (incl. Premature) at concentration in blood plasma 50 mg / ml possible toxic effects: anxiety, tachypnea, tachycardia, tremor, increasing the Moro reflex, at higher concentrations - convulsions.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside (regardless of the meal). Adults - 0.05-0.1 g per dose 2-3 times a day (no more 1 g per day), older children 2 years - 0.03-0.075 g per appointment; migraine (often in combination with non-narcotic analgesics and ergot alkaloids) - 1–2 tab.. during an attack of pain, then - on 1 Table. 23 times a day for several days (to 1 Months). In the form of caffeine-sodium benzoate is introduced n / a: adults - 1 ml 10% or 20% solution, children - 0.25-1 ml 10% solution. To eliminate apnea in newborns - introduce through the mouth or I / (as caffeine citrate), creating a base-caffeine concentration in blood plasma from 3 to 10 mg / ml.