Gallbladder disease

Holetsisitit

The gallbladder is located near the liver and serves as a gathering place for bile, leaving the hepatic canals. When these channels are blocked, or when injuries bile enters the bloodstream. Cholecystitis - inflammation gallbladder, One of the most common diseases of the digestive system. More common in women of mature and elderly. The cause of cholecystitis may be a violation of the outflow of bile, aided by irregular meals, sedentary lifestyle, frequent constipation, pregnancy, infection. Harbinger cholecystitis may be the so-called dyskinesia - functional dysmotility gallbladder and ducts. In most cases, it develops in the presence of gallstones (so nazыvaemыy kalkuleznыy cholecystitis). The cause of cholecystitis may be a violation of the outflow of bile, aided by irregular meals, combined with overeating, sedentary lifestyle, habitual constipation, pregnancy, infection (E. coli, cocci and other pathogens penetrate from the intestine or entered the bloodstream), also plays a role heredity–constitutional features. In course of the disease are acute and chronic cholecystitis.

The symptoms of cholecystitis

Acute cholecystitis manifests twinge in the right upper quadrant and epigastric region, usually accompanied by nausea, vomiting, raising the temperature to 38 - 39 ° C. The pain occurs suddenly, often unbearable, It gives the right shoulder and scapula. During the attack, patients are usually restless, I can not find the position of the body, in which the pain is reduced. Often on 2 - 3rd day after the attack appears expressed in varying degrees of yellowness of the skin and mucous membranes, urine becomes dark (color tea leaves). Frequent attacks of acute cholecystitis arises through 2 - 4 hours after eating fatty foods (sphere, smoked, studni, roast pork, lamb, etc.). It is well known, that the number of patients with acute cholecystitis increases sharply after the holidays, accompanied by, usually, overeating, Excessive consumption of fatty foods.

For suspected acute cholecystitis is an urgent need to call a doctor. Prior to his arrival can not be used warmers, wash out the stomach, take a laxative. Treatment of patients with acute cholecystitis is usually performed in a hospital, Sometimes surgery is needed.

Chronic cholecystitis can develop after repeated attacks of acute, especially in the presence of gallstones. But sometimes it occurs without acute attacks. In chronic cholecystitis patients concerned blunt aching pain in the right upper quadrant, aggravated after meals (especially abundant fatty), a feeling of heaviness in the upper abdomen, nausea, a feeling of bitterness in the mouth. Periodically, mainly after errors in diet, there exacerbation, when these symptoms are worse.

Treatment of cholecystitis

Treatment of chronic cholecystitis doctor spends, that primarily assigns rational diet intervals between meals at least 4 daytime hours, fractional power, small portions, Overeating is unacceptable. When calculous cholecystitis and exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis diet eliminate fatty meats and fish, fat, sausage, strong broths, pastry, cocoa, chocolate, animal fats, spicy food, sauces, egg yolks. With the frequent combination of obesity and cholecystitis daily calorie intake should be limited. Useful milk products (clabber, yogurt, kefir, low-fat cottage cheese), fruit, vegetables, especially those containing coarse plant fibers, which promotes regular bowel independent. The diet should be followed consistently, instead of "course". Violation of the diet in the holidays, eg, often leads to severe exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis, which requires hospitalization and even surgery. The beneficial effect on the course of chronic cholecystitis in many patients having spa treatment. Good results are obtained by treatment of folk remedies, Herbs. The choice of treatment in each case, the doctor decides. Normalization of the outflow of bile and promote gymnastics and physiotherapy. The doctor also assigns medical treatment. The presence of gallstones and recurrent exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis may be the indication for surgery.

Prevention of cholecystitis

To prevent cholecystitis important prevention of obesity and other metabolic disorders, struggle with chronic constipation, the elimination of foci of infection, in particular the treatment of carious teeth, tonsillitis and other. Preventive measures need to begin in childhood and adolescence.

Kholangit

Kholangit – catarrhal or purulent inflammation of the extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts, caused by bacterial infection. Acute cholangitis is manifested by fever, chills, heavy sweats, dyspeptic disorders, pain in the right upper quadrant, followed by enlargement of the liver. Possible complications of liver abscess, hepatic insufficiency, chronic cholangitis occurs less rapidly, with periods of remission and exacerbation of pain attacks and shows, enlargement of the liver.

In the treatment of cholangitis take measures to suppress the infection and provide a good flow of bile.

Cholelithiasis

Gallstone disease is associated with the formation of stones (concretions) in the gallbladder and (or) bile ducts. It can also be caused by stagnation of bile, metabolic disorders, inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis).

Gallstone disease develops gradually. Often, over the years, the patient feels a bitter taste in the mouth, heaviness in the right upper quadrant, post-prandial, especially after eating fatty foods, grilled meat, smoked, salt, pickled foods, wine or vodka. These first signs of trouble in the body - a reason for going to the doctor. Recommended it to this point, the diet and improve the patient's condition, help to avoid exacerbation. Often the doctor to come only after a bout of acute pain in the right upper quadrant, extending under the shoulder blade, collarbone (the so-called renal colic). These attacks usually occur when, when the gallbladder stones already have. In such cases often have to resort to surgery.

In the occurrence of gallstone disease plays an important role of excessive food and sedentary lifestyles, contributing to the stagnation of bile. Stagnation of bile may be associated with anatomical changes of the gallbladder and bile ducts as a result of inflammation (scarring, Spikes), as well as violations of their motor function due to irregular supply (big breaks between meals), overeating, chronic constipation. A role played by hereditary predisposition (disease occurs in families in different generations). As a result, bile stagnation or metabolic reduced content therein of bile acids, its main components - cholesterol and bilirubin (colorant bile) precipitate and the final result formed stones.

In the period of acute cholelithiasis call a doctor and strictly adhere to its recommendations.

In between attacks necessarily dieting and diet. There should be little, 4 - 5 once a day, to prevent stagnation of bile in the gall bladder. At the same time, the power must be complete, with a sufficient amount of protein and fat, fresh vegetables. Therefore, in the diet include butter and vegetable oil (in limited quantity), meat, fish (Only boiled or steamed). Eliminate hot and spicy substances, onion, sorrel, spinach. Alkaline mineral water is used only on prescription.

In the period of remission is possible to use traditional medicine.