Azathioprine

When ATH:
L04AX01

Characteristic.

Light yellow to greenish white crystalline powder, practically insoluble in water and alcohol, easily soluble in alkalis.

Pharmacological action.
Immunosuppressive.

Application.

Homotransplantation kidney, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, nespetsificheskiy yazvennыy colitis, myasthenia, pemphigus, Reiter's syndrome, radiodermatitis, psevdogipertroficheskaya myopathy, psoriasis.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, incl. to mercaptopurine, liver disease in violation of its functions, hypoplastic and aplastic anemia, leiko-, lymph- and thrombocytopenia, pregnancy, breast-feeding, childhood.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Category actions result in FDA - D. (There is evidence of the risk of adverse effects of drugs on the human fetus, obtained in research or practice, However, the potential benefits, associated with drugs in pregnant, may justify its use, in spite of the possible risk, if the drug is needed in life-threatening situations or severe disease, when safer agents should not be used or are ineffective.)

Side effects.

Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, consecutive infection (Bacterial, Viral, Fungus, protozoal), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach ache, abnormal liver function (increasing the concentration of bilirubin in the blood, transaminases, Alkaline phosphatase), venookklyuzionnoe liver, panuveit, fever, arthralgia, interstitial pneumonitis, alopecia, allergic reactions.

Cooperation.

Potentiates the effects of immunosuppressants, cytostatics. ACE inhibitors increase the risk of side effects (anemia, leukopenia). Reduces the specific activity of indirect anticoagulants. Allopurinol slows the metabolism of azathioprine and promotes its accumulation.

Overdose.

Symptoms: dyspepsia, pancytopenia, increasing the concentration of bilirubin in serum transaminases.

Treatment: symptomatic.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside. When homotransplantation: before the operation (for 1-7 days) daily oral dose calculation 4 mg/kg in 2-3 reception; after the operation in the same dose for 1-2 months, then in a dose of 2-3 mg/kg 2-3 admission; the duration of therapy is determined individually; in case of signs of transplant rejection again dose increase to 4 mg / kg / day.

In autoimmune diseases: 1,5-2 mg/kg in 2-4 reception; the duration of therapy is determined individually.

Rheumatoid arthritis: 1-2.5 mg/kg oral 1-2 reception; treatment no less 12 Sun; maintenance dose is 0,5 mg / kg (about 25 mg) inside 1 once a day.

Psoriasis: 0,05 g 3-4 times a day; course of treatment 14-48 days.

Precautions.

Do not use for a long time (possible induction of neoplastic processes).