Atopic dermatitis – what is this, treatment of disease. Symptoms, prevention of allergic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis – What is this disease? Allergic contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease, which place her in direct contact with the allergen.
Inflammation develops slow type allergic reaction, that is with regular and fairly prolonged contact with substance-allergen.
During this contact, sensitization of the organism and develops sensitivity to an allergen. Allergic contact dermatitis is characterized by swelling and redness of tissue, kontaktrovavshih with the allergen, zudom, the appearance of papules and vesicles.
Atopic dermatitis: the cause of the
The modern industry lets out an enormous number of chemicals, which may cause allergic contact dermatitis. It paints and varnishes, detergents and other household chemicals, Some constituents of perfumes and cosmetics, synthetic materials, of which made clothing and paint, She painted. Chemical substances, with which people are constantly in contact at work, lead to the development of occupational Dermatitis. Allergic Contact Dermatitis can be caused by certain medications (allergies to medications). Plants, such as heracleum, Primrose, dictamnus, and others, can also cause allergic contact dermatitis, that refers to fitodermatitu.
Allergen acts on the skin, but taking place as a result of this allergic changes affect the whole body. Time, for which develops sensitization and allergic reaction occurs the body, depends on, how much allergen worked on skin. Important role in this process and condition of the organism: predisposition to allergic reactions, violations of immunity in chronic inflammatory processes, thinning of the stratum corneum of the skin, etc. For Example, When sweating is most commonly seen allergic contact dermatitis, provoked by clothes from coloured textiles.
Symptoms of allergic dermatitis
Skin changes in acute allergic contact dermatitis always localized at the site of skin contact with the allergen and a bit beyond this contact. Characteristic is the presence of a well-defined lesion. Initially develops redness and swelling of tissues. Then have papules, pretty quickly filled with liquid and a moveable stage bubbles. After opening on the skin formed erosion. When they are healing coatings. These changes on the skin accompanied by strong itching. The process ends with peeling.
With continued exposure to the allergen has already incurred on the background of an allergic reaction, develops a chronic form of allergic contact dermatitis. It is characterized by blurred the boundaries of lesions on the skin and the spread of inflammatory changes in the skin, do not come into contact with the allergen. With a strong organism sensitization observed generalization process. Skin manifestations of chronic allergic contact dermatitis characterized by the formation of papules, dryness and desquamation, thickening of the skin with increased skin picture (lichenification). Constant itching leads to secondary skin lesions due to her constant scratching (jekskoriacija).
Atopic dermatitis: diagnostics
Allergic Contact Dermatitis fairly easily diagnosed by the characteristic symptoms and identify the impact of substances on the skin, is a potential allergen. Accurately determine the cause of dermatitis help skin tests. Their conduct with the help of special test strips, with these allergens. Strips glued to well-cleaned skin. An allergic reaction is determined by the emergence of redness and swelling at the site of gluing strips.
For the identification of Comorbidities and differential diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis are conducting additional surveys: clinical and biochemical analysis of blood and urine, blood sugar, feces for dysbacteriosis. If necessary, carry out the examination of the gastrointestinal tract and the study of the thyroid gland.
Atopic dermatitis: classification
Contact dermatitis is divided into two types:
- a simple contact dermatitis;
- contact type allergy.
Atopic dermatitis: patient actions
Upon detection of symptoms, should see a doctor.
Treatment of allergic dermatitis
The main condition of successful treatment of allergic contact dermatitis is the complete removal of calling allergen. So if allergic to household chemicals should wear protective gloves. If allergic to synthetic materials only wear cotton underwear, and when buying clothes carefully examine the fabric. For allergies to metal, metal parts of garments (Lightning, buttons, hooks and buttons) must not come into contact with the skin, scissors and other tools should be plastic or wooden handles, You must also delete the wearing of jewelry from metal.
In the treatment of acute allergic contact dermatitis effectively apply corticosteroid ointments: lokojd, elokom, advantan etc. P. In the formation of large bubbles produce their piercing. To relieve the itching and swelling appointed modern antihistamines. In severe cases, corticosteroid drugs taken orally.
Atopic dermatitis: complications
Excluding pins/.13µ/512k patient with the allergen occurs full recovery. However, repeated contact with the allergen, you can't always avoid, especially, in the case of professional activity. In such cases, the allergic contact dermatitis continues to evolve, sensitization of the organism grows, happens generalization process and clinical manifestations are taking over entire body.
Prevention of allergic dermatitis
Primary prevention, to prevent development of the disease does not exist. Some authors recommend paying attention to material jewelry, eg, When body piercing. As in this case, there is a very long contact potential allergens with skin. It is preferable to use resistant to oxidation of metals (Titan, gold, Silver, etc.) and avoid cheap alloy, especially containing nickel.
If you have already developed the disease prophylaxis is aimed at preventing the development of complications and is to end contact with the allergen.
