Acitretin

When ATH:
D05BB02

Characteristic.

Yellow or greenish-yellow powder. Molecular weight 326,44.

Pharmacological action.
Protivopsoriaticheskoe.

Application.

Psoriatic erythroderma, pustular psoriasis (localized or generalized), congenital ichthyosis, Lichen planus, Darier's disease.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity (incl. to vitamin A and other retinoids), expressed by the human kidney and liver, therapy tetratsiklinami, vitamin A and other retinoids, metotreksatom, pregnancy, breast-feeding.

Restrictions apply.

Diabetes, a history of pancreatitis.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Category actions result in FDA - X. (Animal tests or clinical trials revealed a violation of the fetus and / or there is evidence of the risk of adverse effects on the human fetus, obtained in research or practice; risk, associated with the use of drugs in pregnancy, greater than the potential benefits.)

Side effects.

Symptoms of hypervitaminosis A: dryness of mucous membranes, cheilitis, cracks in the corners of the mouth, conjunctivitis; thinning and peeling of the skin, alopecia, brittleness of nails, paronixija, photosensitivity, headache, night blindness, reversible elevation of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase in the blood plasma, hypercalcemia, increasing the concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol plasma, pain in the bones and muscles, hyperostosis, and calcification of tissues incl. vertebral ligaments, followed by spinal cord compression.

Cooperation.

Incompatible with tetracyclines, metotreksatom, vitamin A and other retinoids. Displaces phenytoin from its association with proteins. Ethanol-containing preparations and beverages contribute to the formation of etretinate.

Overdose.

Symptoms: headache, dizziness.

Treatment: symptomatic for mandatory drug discontinuation.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside, 1 once a day, during a meal or with milk. Adults - 25-30 mg per day for 2-4 weeks, then - 25-50 mg over 6-8 weeks, possible to increase the maximum daily dose to 75 mg.

Children - 500 ug / kg / day, possible short-term increase to 1 mg / kg / day (but not more 35 mg / day); maintenance dose - as low as possible.

Precautions.

It is necessary to monitor liver function (before and every 1-2 weeks during therapy 2 Months, and then - every 3 Months after its termination; pathological changes in the analysis is performed every week, and, If liver function returns to normal or deteriorates, drug overturned), determine the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in blood serum fasting, especially in disorders of lipid metabolism, diabetes, obesity, alcoholism, during long-term treatment. In patients with diabetes must carefully monitor the level of glucose in the blood, children - for the indicators of growth and development of bones. Therapy of women of childbearing age to begin 2 or 3 day of the menstrual cycle; they must use contraception during 4 weeks before the start of treatment, during the course and, at least, during 2 years after. Additional studies are required for pregnancy.