Minoksidil

When ATH:
D11AX01

Characteristic.

White or almost white, crystalline powder;. Easily soluble in propylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, propanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, soluble in water, practically insoluble in acetone, chloroform and ethyl acetate.

Pharmacological action.
Gipotenzivnoe, vazodilatirtee, stimulating hair growth.

Application.

Pills: arterial hypertension (especially severe, resistant to combination therapy with other antihypertensives).

External solution: male pattern baldness (androgennaya alopecia) men and women.

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, lactation; pheochromocytoma, mytralnыy stenosis, secondary pulmonary hypertension (tablets); violation of the integrity of the skin, dermatosis of the scalp (External solution).

Restrictions apply.

CHD, angina, heart failure, Age to 12 years (limited experience in the application).

Pregnancy and breast-feeding.

Contraindicated in pregnancy (adequate and well-controlled studies in humans have not been conducted). At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Side effects.

From the nervous system and sensory organs: dizziness, headache, visual impairment (incl. reduced visual acuity).

Cardio-vascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): low blood pressure, tachycardia, arrhythmia, heart failure, Inversion zubtsa T ЭKG; in rare cases, gidrotoraks, gidroperikard (in patients with heart failure), angina (in patients with coronary insufficiency), pericardial effusion, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.

For the skin: hypertryhoz, thinning and increased pigmentation of hair on the body; When applied topically is dryness and peeling of the scalp, dermatitis (itch, rash), eczema, strengthening of alopecia, burning sensation of the scalp, folliculitis (sensitivity or tenderness at the hair roots), эritema

Allergic reactions: rash, swelling of the face, rhinitis, hives.

Other: sodium and water retention in the body, swelling, breathlessness, syncope, decreased libido.

Cooperation.

Nitrates, Diuretic, beta-blockers increase the hypotensive effect; Estrogens, oral contraceptives, sympathomimetic, NPVS-weakened. It should not be administered concurrently with guanetidinom (the risk of orthostatic hypotension).

Overdose.

Symptoms: chrezmernaya vasodilation, severe hypotension, chest pain, tachycardia or fibrillation, neuritis (fixed or hand shake, Foot, heads), sodium and water retention.

Treatment: symptomatic and supportive therapy is a physiological solution (I /), hypotension-phenylephrine, Angiotensin II, vasopressin, dofamin (Do not use sympathomimetics, incl. norepinephrine and epinephrine).

Minoxidil and its metabolites are removed by hemodialysis.

Dosing and Administration.

Inside: adults and children over 12 years, the initial dose - 5 mg / day in 1-2 reception, if necessary, the dose is gradually increased every 2-3 days. Average supporting dose is 10-40 mg/day, the maximum dose - 100 mg / day (in one or more steps). Children under 12 years once, initial dose-at the rate of 0,2 mg / kg / day, average therapeutic — 0.2-1 mg/kg/day, maximum - 50 mg / kg / day. In renal insufficiency, the dose should be reduced.

Outwardly: dry skin scalp cause 1 ml (20-50 mg of minoxidil) 2 twice daily and rubbed lightly, starting from the center of the affected area.

Precautions.

Avoid contact with eyes.

The safety and efficacy of the solution in patients aged up to 18 years after 65 years to be determined.

Cautions.

When hypertension is usually administered in combination with beta-blockers and diuretics.

Comment.

Currently, Russia minoxidil in tablet form has no valid registration.