Blood in the semen, hematospermia: what is this, causes, symptoms, diagnostics, treatment, prevention
Blood in the semen; Semen – bloody; Blood in ejaculation; Hematospermia
What is hematospermia?
Blood in the semen, also known as hematospermia, represents a state, in which a man experiences the presence of blood in the semen. This can happen for a variety of reasons and is usually not a sign of a serious medical condition..
Causes of blood in semen
The most common cause of blood in semen is a prostate infection., which is usually caused by a bacterial infection. Other possible causes include inflammation of the seminal vesicles, urethral irritation or swelling. In some cases, the cause of hematospermia is unknown..
Symptoms of hematospermia
Blood in semen is often accompanied by other symptoms, such as pain when urinating, pain with ejaculation or a lump in the abdomen. It is important to note, that the presence of blood in the semen does not necessarily mean that the man has any other symptoms.
Depending on the cause of the, other symptoms, which may be, include:
- Blood in the urine
- Fever or chills
- Lower back pain
- Pain during bowel movements
- Pain during ejaculation
- Pain with urination
- swelling of the scrotum
- Swelling or soreness in the groin area
- Pain in the scrotum
When to See a Healthcare Professional for Hematospermia
If a man has blood in his semen, he should contact a healthcare professional. It is important to note, that the presence of blood in the semen does not necessarily indicate a serious illness. Nonetheless, it is still important to seek medical attention, to determine the cause of the bleeding and determine the best course of treatment.
Diagnosis of hematospermia
The diagnosis of hematospermia usually begins with a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history.. The doctor may also order tests, such as urinalysis, blood tests or ultrasound, to determine the cause of the appearance of blood in the semen.
Treatment of hematospermia
Treatment for hematospermia depends on the cause of the condition.. If the cause is an infection, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics. If the cause is an underlying disease, such as prostate enlargement, a doctor may recommend lifestyle changes or medication to treat the condition. In some cases, surgery may be required.
Home treatment for hematospermia
There are several things, what a man can do at home, to reduce the symptoms of hematospermia. Drinking plenty of fluids and abstaining from sex for a few days can help reduce inflammation.. Refusal of tight clothing, taking warm baths and using lube during intercourse can also help reduce discomfort.
Prevention of hematospermia
The best way to prevent hematospermia is to practice safe sex. Condom use and regular sexual health check-ups can help reduce your risk of developing an infection or other underlying disease, which can cause blood in semen. It is also important to follow the rules of hygiene, avoid smoking and eat a healthy diet.
Used sources and literature
Elsamra SE. Evaluation of the urologic patient: history and physical examination. In: Party AW, Domochowski RR, Kavousi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 1.
Kaplan SA. Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 120.
O’Connell TX. Hematospermia. In: O’Connell TX, ed. Instant Work-ups: A Clinical Guide to Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 30.
Small EJ. Prostate cancer. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020:chap 191.
