Clemastine
When ATH:
R06AA04
Characteristic.
Ethanolamine derivative. Crystalline powder, colorless or slightly yellow, practically odorless.
Pharmacological action.
Antihistamine, antiallergic, protivozudnoe, antiexudative.
Application.
Orally: hives, serum sickness, gemorragicheskiy vasculitis, rhinitis (allergic, vasomotor), pollen disease, itching, pruritic dermatoses, contact dermatitis, eczema (acute, chronic), Acute iridocyclitis, drug rash, allergic reactions, due to insect bites.
For parenteral administration: angioedema, anaphylactic or anaphylactoid shock (Combination Therapy), prevention of allergic manifestations and pseudoallergic (the use of contrast media, blood transfusion, administration of histamine).
Contraindications.
Hypersensitivity, Children up to age 1 year (syrups and injections) or to 6 years (tablets), pregnancy, lactation.
Restrictions apply.
Zakrыtougolynaya glaucoma, stenosing peptic ulcer, obstructive phenomena in the pyloric and duodenal gastrointestinal tract or bladder neck, prostatauxe, accompanied by urinary disorders.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding.
Contraindicated in pregnancy. At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.
Side effects.
From the nervous system and sensory organs: sedation, weakness, feeling tired, lethargy, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, dystaxia, rarely - stimulating effect (usually in children): anxiety, irritability, excitation, nervousness, insomnia, vapors, euphoria, tremor, convulsions; paraesthesia, neuritis, blurred vision, diplopia, Acute labyrinthitis, noise in ears.
From the digestive tract: nausea, dry mouth, stomach discomfort, rarely - epigastric pain, constipation, in some cases - anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea.
From the respiratory system: thickening of bronchial secretions and difficulty sputum discharge, sensation of pressure in chest, respiratory failure, nasal congestion.
Cardio-vascular system: gipotenziya (more frequently in the elderly), heartbeat, tachycardia, arrythmia; gemoliticheskaya anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.
With the genitourinary system: very rarely - difficulty in passing urine, urinary retention, increased urination, changes in menstrual function.
Allergic reactions: very rarely - urticaria, skin rash, with a / in the introduction - shortness of breath, bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock.
Other: photosensitivity.
Cooperation.
Potentiates the effect of neuroleptics, alcohol, sedativnyh, hypnotics, anesthesia and other drugs, CNS depressants, the effect of anticholinergics. Incompatible with MAO inhibitors (extend and intensify the action holinoliticheskoe).
Overdose.
Symptoms: The children - a mydriasis, lack of reaction of pupils to light, dry mouth, redness of the face, fever, cyanosis, excitation, hallucinations, dystaxia, ataxia, athetosis, tremor, hyperreflexia, tonic-clonic seizures, depression, depression of cardiac activity and respiration (possible death). In adults, CNS depression, drowsiness, collapse, convulsions, coma.
Treatment: Induction of emesis, appointment of laxatives (ingestion); symptomatic and supportive therapy: fevers in children can use cooling rubdown, in case of hypotension - the introduction of vasoconstrictor drugs, for the relief of seizures - diazepam or short-acting barbiturates, if necessary - physostigmine, IVL; monitoring vital functions.
Dosing and Administration.
Inside (before meals) adults and children, after 12 years - 1 mg (tablets) or 20 ml (1,5 Article. Spoon syrup) 2 once a day (in the morning and in the evening), optionally up 6 mg or 120 ml syrup day; children aged 6-12 years - 0.5-1 mg 2 once a day. Syrup: children 1–3 years old - 1–2 teaspoons, 4-6 years 2 c.logki, 7–12 — 1 st.lozhku. Parenteral: adult I / (slowly) or / m 2 mg 2 times a day for children - in / m at a dose 25 mcg/kg/day 2 admission.
Precautions.
Be wary appoint patients with hyperthyroidism and diseases of the cardiovascular system, incl. hypertension. During treatment should abandon the use of alcohol. Careful observation of the children and elderly patients (increased sensitivity to antihistamine drugs). At the beginning of treatment should not be used during the drivers of vehicles and people, skills relate to the high concentration of attention; in the future - the degree of restriction is determined by the individual tolerance of the drug.
Cautions.
It is necessary to exclude the possibility of B / A administration. Ampoule contains a solution of ethanol. To prevent distortion of the results of skin prick tests for allergens, the drug must be discontinued 72 h to prick test.
